Untargeted metabolomics analysis of four date palm (Phoenixdactylifera L.) cultivars using MS and NMR

Natural Products and Bioprospecting

Original Article

Inas Al-Younis¹  Kousik Chandra¹  Shuruq Alsuhaymi¹  Upendra Singh¹  Mariusz Jaremko²  Manel Dhahri³  Abdul-Hamid Emwas⁴  Najeh M. Kharbatia⁴  Mohammed A. Assiri⁵  Ali Haneef⁶ 

[1] Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia;Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia;Smart-Health Initiative and Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 4700, 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia;Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, 46423, Yanbu Branch, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia;Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia;Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Abdullah Int Medical Research Center, NGHA, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia;

关键词: Metabolomics;    GC–MS;    UHPLC-MS;    NMR;    Date palm;    Phytochemicals;   

DOI  :  10.1007/s13659-023-00406-y

 received in 2023-07-17, accepted in 2023-10-08,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Since ancient times, the inhabitants of dry areas have depended on the date palm (Phoenixdactylifera L.) as a staple food and means of economic security. For example, dates have been a staple diet for the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula and Sahara Desert in North Africa for millennia and the local culture is rich in knowledge and experience with the benefits of dates, suggesting that dates contain many substances essential for the human body. Madinah dates are considered one of the most important types of dates in the Arabian Peninsula, with Ajwa being one of the most famous types and grown only in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Date seeds are traditionally used for animal feed, seed oil production, cosmetics, and as a coffee substitute. Phytochemical compounds that have been detected in date fruits and date seeds include phenolic acids, carotenoids, and flavonoids. Phenolic acids are the most prevalent bioactive constituents that contribute to the antioxidant activity of date fruits. The bioactive properties of these phytochemicals are believed to promote human health by reducing the risk of diseases such as chronic inflammation. Ajwa dates especially are thought to have superior bioactivity properties. To investigate these claims, in this study, we compare the metabolic profiles of Ajwa with different types of dates collected from Saudi Arabia and Tunisia. We show by UHPLC-MS that date seeds contain several classes of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and amino acid derivatives, including citric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, and hydroxyadipic acid. Additionally, GC–MS profiling showed that date seeds are richer in metabolite classes, such as hydrocinnamic acids (caffeic, ferulic and sinapic acids), than flesh samples. Deglet N fruit extract (minimum inhibitory concentration: 27 MIC/μM) and Sukkari fruit extract (IC50: 479 ± 0.58μg /mL) have higher levels of antibacterial and antioxidative activity than Ajwa fruits. However, the seed analysis showed that seed extracts have better bioactivity effects than fruit extracts. Specifically, Ajwa extract showed the best MIC and strongest ABTS radical-scavenging activity among examined seed extracts (minimum inhibitory concentration: 20 μM; IC50: 54 ± 3.61μg /mL). Our assays are a starting point for more advanced in vitro antibacterial models and investigation into the specific molecules that are responsible for the antioxidative and anti-bacterial activities of dates.Graphical Abstract

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Kunming Institute of Botany, CAS 2023

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