A cross-sectional investigation of regional patterns of diet and cardio-metabolic risk in India

Nutrition Journal

Research

Niveditha Devasenapathy¹  Dorairaj Prabhakaran¹  KS Reddy²  Lakshmy Ramakrishnan²  Leah M Ferrucci³  Carrie R Daniel³  Rashmi Sinha³  Barry I Graubard³  Nilanjan Chatterjee³  Prakash C Gupta⁴  Hemali Shetty⁴  Aleyamma Mathew⁵  Preethi S George⁵  Kavita Kapur⁶  Tanuja Rastogi⁷  Susan Yurgalevitch⁸ 

[1] Centre for Chronic Disease Control, (C1/52, Safdarjung Development Area), (110 016), New Delhi, India;Department of Cardiac Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, (Ansari Nagar), (110029), New Delhi, India;Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, (6120 Executive Blvd), (20852), Rockville, MD, USA;Healis Sekhsaria Institute for Public Health, (Thane, Sector 11, CBD Belapur), (400 614), Navi Mumbai, India;Regional Cancer Center, (Medical College Campus), (695011), Trivandrum, Kerala, India;Steno Diabetes Center, (Niels Steensens vej 8), (DK 2820), Gentofte, Denmark;UN World Food Programme, (Via Cesare Giulio Viola, 68), (00148), Rome, Italy;Westat, (1600 Research Blvd), (20850), Rockville, MD, USA;

关键词: Food Item;    Dietary Pattern;    Total Energy Intake;    Abdominal Adiposity;    Chronic Disease Risk;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1475-2891-10-12

 received in 2010-09-09, accepted in 2011-01-28,  发布年份 2011

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThe role of diet in India's rapidly progressing chronic disease epidemic is unclear; moreover, diet may vary considerably across North-South regions.MethodsThe India Health Study was a multicenter study of men and women aged 35-69, who provided diet, lifestyle, and medical histories, as well as blood pressure, fasting blood, urine, and anthropometric measurements. In each region (Delhi, n = 824; Mumbai, n = 743; Trivandrum, n = 2,247), we identified two dietary patterns with factor analysis. In multiple logistic regression models adjusted for age, gender, education, income, marital status, religion, physical activity, tobacco, alcohol, and total energy intake, we investigated associations between regional dietary patterns and abdominal adiposity, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia.ResultsAcross the regions, more than 80% of the participants met the criteria for abdominal adiposity and 10 to 28% of participants were considered diabetic. In Delhi, the "fruit and dairy" dietary pattern was positively associated with abdominal adiposity [highest versus lowest tertile, multivariate-adjusted OR and 95% CI: 2.32 (1.03-5.23); Ptrend = 0.008] and hypertension [2.20 (1.47-3.31); Ptrend < 0.0001]. In Trivandrum, the "pulses and rice" pattern was inversely related to diabetes [0.70 (0.51-0.95); Ptrend = 0.03] and the "snacks and sweets" pattern was positively associated with abdominal adiposity [2.05 (1.34-3.14); Ptrend = 0.03]. In Mumbai, the "fruit and vegetable" pattern was inversely associated with hypertension [0.63 (0.40-0.99); Ptrend = 0.05] and the "snack and meat" pattern appeared to be positively associated with abdominal adiposity.ConclusionsCardio-metabolic risk factors were highly prevalent in this population. Across all regions, we found little evidence of a Westernized diet; however, dietary patterns characterized by animal products, fried snacks, or sweets appeared to be positively associated with abdominal adiposity. Conversely, more traditional diets in the Southern regions were inversely related to diabetes and hypertension. Continued investigation of diet, as well as other environmental and biological factors, will be needed to better understand the risk profile in this population and potential means of prevention.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Daniel et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2011