Spatial clustering of measles cases during endemic (1998–2002) and epidemic (2010) periods in Lusaka, Zambia

BMC Infectious Diseases

Research Article

Timothy Shields¹  Frank Curriero¹  Jessie Pinchoff²  William John Moss³  James Chipeta⁴  Samuel Miti⁴  Gibson Chitundu Banda⁴ 

[1] Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA;Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA;Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA;Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA;Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Zambia School of Medicine, P.O. Box 50110, Lusaka, Zambia;

关键词: Measles;    Epidemiology;    Zambia;    Surveillance;    Spatial Clustering;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12879-015-0842-y

 received in 2014-09-08, accepted in 2015-02-19,  发布年份 2015

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundMeasles cases may cluster in densely populated urban centers in sub-Saharan Africa as susceptible individuals share spatially dependent risk factors and may cluster among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children despite high vaccination coverage.MethodsChildren hospitalized with measles at the University Teaching Hospital (UTH) in Lusaka, Zambia were enrolled in the study. The township of residence was recorded on the questionnaire and mapped; SaTScan software was used for cluster detection. A spatial-temporal scan statistic was used to investigate clustering of measles in children hospitalized during an endemic period (1998 to 2002) and during the 2010 measles outbreak in Lusaka, Zambia.ResultsThree sequential and spatially contiguous clusters of measles cases were identified during the 2010 outbreak but no clustering among HIV-infected children was identified. In contrast, a space-time cluster among HIV-infected children was identified during the endemic period. This cluster occurred prior to the introduction of intensive measles control efforts and during a period between seasonal peaks in measles incidence.ConclusionsPrediction and early identification of spatial clusters of measles will be critical to achieving measles elimination. HIV infection may contribute to spatial clustering of measles cases in some epidemiological settings.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Pinchoff et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.