Comprehension of prescription orders with and without pictograms: tool validation and comparative assessment among a sample of participants from a developing country

BMC Public Health

Research

Jihan Safwan¹  Marwan El Akel²  Fouad Sakr³  Mariam Dabbous⁴  Iqbal Fahs⁴  Faraj Saade⁵  Mohamad Rahal⁶  Racha Baalbaki⁶  Lidia Mourad⁶  Shatha Mayta⁶  Nisreen Mourad⁷  Samar Younes⁷  Wassim El Basset⁸ 

[1] INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon;School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon;INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon;School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon;School of Education, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon;International Pharmaceutical Federation, The Hague, The Netherlands;INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon;School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon;École Doctorale Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France;Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, UMR U955 INSERM, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France;School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon;School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon;Alice Ramez Chagoury School of Nursing, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon;School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Bekaa, Lebanon;School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Bekaa, Lebanon;INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon;School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Bekaa, Lebanon;Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, PEPITE EA4267, Besançon, France;

关键词: Pictograms;    Medication safety;    Medication errors;    Comprehension;    Medication orders;    Health literacy;    Patient education;    Healthcare;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12889-023-16856-5

 received in 2023-06-30, accepted in 2023-09-28,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundMedication errors can often occur due to the patient’s inability to comprehend written or verbal medication orders. This study aimed to develop pictograms of selected medication orders and to validate the comprehension of prescription orders index and compare the comprehension scores with and without pictograms. In addition to determine the predictors that could be associated with a better or worse comprehension of prescription orders with pictograms versus that of their written counterparts.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using a snowball sampling technique. Six pictograms were developed to depict specific medication orders. The comprehension of prescription orders index was constructed and validated. The study then compared the comprehension scores of prescription orders with and without pictograms, and identified the predicting factors score difference.ResultsA total of 1848 participants were included in the study. The structure of the comprehension of prescription orders index was validated over a solution of four factors, with an adequate Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy of 0.711 and a significant Bartlett’s test of sphericity (P < 0.001). The construct validity of the index was further confirmed by highly significant correlations between each item and the full index (P < 0.001). The study also found a significant association between the difference in comprehension scores for prescription orders with and without pictograms and several factors, including age, level of education, area of residence, number of children, and smoking status with the difference of comprehension scores (P < 0.001).ConclusionPictogram-based instructions of medication orders were better understood by the Lebanese population than written instructions, making the incorporation of pictograms in pharmacy practice paramount to optimize medication use by the patient and thus yielding better health outcomes.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2023

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