Empirical evaluation of humpback whale telomere length estimates; quality control and factors causing variability in the singleplex and multiplex qPCR methods

BMC Genetics

Research Article

Martine Bérubé¹  Per J Palsbøll¹  Morten Tange Olsen²  Jooke Robbins³ 

[1]Evolutionary Genetics Group, Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Toxicology, Stockholm University, S-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden

[2]Marine Evolution and Conservation, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies, University of Groningen, PO Box 11103, 97 CC, Groningen, The Netherlands

[3]Evolutionary Genetics Group, Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Toxicology, Stockholm University, S-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden

[4]Section for Evolutionary Genomics, Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen Øster Voldgade 5-7, K 1350, Copenhagen, Denmark

[5]Provincetown Center for Coastal Studies, 5 Holway Avenue, 02657, Provincetown, MA, USA

关键词: Quantitative PCR;    Telomere length;    Quality control;    Non-model species;    Guidelines;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2156-13-77

 received in 2011-12-25, accepted in 2012-08-03,  发布年份 2012

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundTelomeres, the protective cap of chromosomes, have emerged as powerful markers of biological age and life history in model and non-model species. The qPCR method for telomere length estimation is one of the most common methods for telomere length estimation, but has received recent critique for being too error-prone and yielding unreliable results. This critique coincides with an increasing awareness of the potentials and limitations of the qPCR technique in general and the proposal of a general set of guidelines (MIQE) for standardization of experimental, analytical, and reporting steps of qPCR. In order to evaluate the utility of the qPCR method for telomere length estimation in non-model species, we carried out four different qPCR assays directed at humpback whale telomeres, and subsequently performed a rigorous quality control to evaluate the performance of each assay.ResultsPerformance differed substantially among assays and only one assay was found useful for telomere length estimation in humpback whales. The most notable factors causing these inter-assay differences were primer design and choice of using singleplex or multiplex assays. Inferred amplification efficiencies differed by up to 40% depending on assay and quantification method, however this variation only affected telomere length estimates in the worst performing assays.ConclusionOur results suggest that seemingly well performing qPCR assays may contain biases that will only be detected by extensive quality control. Moreover, we show that the qPCR method for telomere length estimation can be highly precise and accurate, and thus suitable for telomere measurement in non-model species, if effort is devoted to optimization at all experimental and analytical steps. We conclude by highlighting a set of quality controls which may serve for further standardization of the qPCR method for telomere length estimation, and discuss some of the factors that may cause variation in qPCR experiments.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Olsen et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012