Orbital inflammatory pseudotumor: new advances in diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment

European Journal of Medical Research

Review

Yenan Fang¹  Qiqi Xie¹  Bingyan Shen¹  Qin Dai¹  Min Wang²  Wencan Wu² 

[1] National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China;National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China;State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China;

关键词: Orbital inflammatory pseudotumor;    Diagnosis;    Etiology;    Medical treatment;    T cells;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s40001-023-01330-0

 received in 2022-08-28, accepted in 2023-08-29,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Orbital inflammatory pseudotumor (OIP) is a benign, non-specific inflammatory disorder that commonly occurs in middle-aged adults and is usually unilateral but can occur bilaterally. Its clinical manifestations have tremendous clinical heterogeneity and vary according to the site of infiltration and the degree of lesions, including orbital pain, swelling, diplopia, proptosis, restricted eye movement, and decreased visual acuity. Clinical features, Image characteristics and pathological examinations often need to be evaluated to confirm the diagnosis. Currently, there is no systematic research on the pathogenesis of OIP, which may be related to immunity or infection. The first-line treatment is glucocorticoids. Radiotherapy, immunosuppressants, and biologics can be considered for treatment-resistant, hormone-dependent, or intolerant patients. In this review, we aim to summarize and focus on new insights into OIP, including new diagnostic criteria, pathogenesis, and discoveries in new drugs and treatment strategies. In particular, we highlight the literature and find that T cell-mediated immune responses are closely related to the pathogenesis of OIP. Further exploration of the mechanism and signaling pathway of T cells in the immune process will help to identify their therapeutic targets and carry out targeted therapy to treat refractory OIP and reduce the side effects of traditional treatments.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2023