Gender differences in the long-term effects of a nutritional intervention program promoting the Mediterranean diet: changes in dietary intakes, eating behaviors, anthropometric and metabolic variables

Nutrition Journal

Research

Vicky Leblanc¹  Simone Lemieux¹  Louise Corneau¹  Marie-Michelle Royer¹  Anne-Marie Hudon¹  Sylvie Dodin²  Catherine Bégin³ 

[1] Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, 2440 Hochelaga Boulevard, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada;Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, 2440 Hochelaga Boulevard, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada;Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Laval University, Pavillon Ferdinand-Vandry, 1050 Medicine Avenue, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada;School of Psychology, Laval University, Pavillon Félix-Antoine Savard, 2325 rue des Bibliothèques, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada;

关键词: Gender differences;    Mediterranean diet;    Cardiovascular risk;    long-term dietary changes;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1475-2891-13-107

 received in 2014-06-13, accepted in 2014-11-12,  发布年份 2014

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundLong-term adherence to principles of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) following a nutritional intervention promoting the Mediterranean food pattern in Canadian men and women is not known. Moreover, gender differences in dietary and metabolic profile in such an intervention context has never been addressed. Objective was to determine gender differences in long-term effects of a 12-week nutritional intervention program promoting the adoption of the MedDiet and based on the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) on dietary intakes, eating behaviors, anthropometric and metabolic variables, in men and women presenting cardiovascular risk factors.MethodsSixty-four men and 59 premenopausal women were recruited. The 12-week nutritional program used a motivational interviewing approach and included individual and group sessions. A food frequency questionnaire was administered to evaluate dietary intakes from which a Mediterranean score (Medscore) was derived and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire allowed assessment of eating behaviors. Measurements were performed at baseline and after the 12-week nutritional intervention, and then at 3 and 6-month post intervention.ResultsNo gender difference was observed in changes in the Medscore during the nutritional intervention and follow-up. However, the Medscore returned towards baseline values during follow-up in men and women (P <0.0001). Men reported larger decreases in red and processed meat and larger increases in whole fruit intakes than women (P = 0.03 and P = 0.04, respectively). Men showed a greater decrease in habitual susceptibility to disinhibition than women (P = 0.03). A gender by time interaction was found for waist circumference, i.e. men had lower waist circumference at the end of the intervention as well as at follow-up than at baseline while women’s waist circumference decreased in response to the intervention only (P = 0.05). As for metabolic variables, changes observed in total-cholesterol (C) to HDL-C ratio, triglyceride levels and triglycerides to HDL-C ratio were more pronounced in men than in women after the intervention as well as at follow-up (P ≤0.03).ConclusionsOur results indicate that the 12-week nutritional intervention based on the SDT leads to more pronounced beneficial changes in long-term dietary intakes in men than in women and to greater improvements in metabolic profile in men.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials NCT01852721.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Leblanc et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.