Assessment of renal volume by three-dimensional ultrasonography in pregnant bitches: an experimental study using virtual organ computer-aided analysis

BMC Veterinary Research

Research Article

Edward Araujo¹  Rafael Fontoura Fernandes Moron¹  Antonio Fernandes Moron¹  Luciano Marcondes Machado Nardozza¹  Débora Sartori Mendonça¹  André Luiz Louzada Maldonado¹ 

[1] Department of Obstetrics, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil;

关键词: Pregnant bitches;    Renal volume;    Two-dimensional ultrasound;    Three-dimensional ultrasound;    VOCAL;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1746-6148-8-102

 received in 2012-03-18, accepted in 2012-07-02,  发布年份 2012

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundTo assess and to compare the renal volume evolution in bitches during pregnancy by two-dimensional (2D) ultrasonography using the ellipsoid technique (volume = length x width x depth x 0.523) and three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography using the Virtual Organ Computer-aided AnaLysis (VOCAL) method. A longitudinal prospective study was performed with 17 normal Golden Retrievers bitches during pregnancy from heat to the last third of gestation. The ultrasound scans were performed by two veterinarians. The left and right kidneys were assessed in three moments (day 0 = non-pregnant bitches; days 1st to 20th of pregnancy and days 21st to 40th of pregnancy) by three techniques (ellipsoid; VOCAL 12° and VOCAL 30°). For reproducibility calculations, we used the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).ResultsThe inferential result of the volumes in ANOVA revealed the interaction effect between side and moment (p = 0.009). The 3D techniques showed, in average, the same renal volumes (p = 0.137) regardless of the side and moment. Considering the right side, the renal volume in the day 0 was smaller than the day 21st to 40th (p = 0.029). Considering the left side, the renal volume at day 0 was smaller than the day 1st to 20th (p = 0.020) and day 21st to 40th (p = 0.007). It was found good intra observer reproducibility (ICC > 0.9) and none of the three techniques showed a good inter observer reproducibility (ICC < 0.7).ConclusionThe renal volume bitches by 3D ultrasonography using the VOCAL method (12° and 30°) had good correlation with the volume obtained by 2D ultrasonography method.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Mendonça et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.