Assessment of renal volume by three-dimensional ultrasonography in pregnant bitches: an experimental study using virtual organ computer-aided analysis

BMC Veterinary Research

Antonio Fernandes Moron¹  Luciano Marcondes Machado Nardozza¹  Edward Araujo¹  André Luiz Louzada Maldonado¹  Rafael Fontoura Fernandes Moron¹  Débora Sartori Mendonça¹ 

[1] Department of Obstetrics, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil

关键词: VOCAL;    Three-dimensional ultrasound;    Two-dimensional ultrasound;    Renal volume;    Pregnant bitches;   

Others  :  1119785
DOI  :  10.1186/1746-6148-8-102

 received in 2012-03-18, accepted in 2012-07-02,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

To assess and to compare the renal volume evolution in bitches during pregnancy by two-dimensional (2D) ultrasonography using the ellipsoid technique (volume = length x width x depth x 0.523) and three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography using the Virtual Organ Computer-aided AnaLysis (VOCAL) method. A longitudinal prospective study was performed with 17 normal Golden Retrievers bitches during pregnancy from heat to the last third of gestation. The ultrasound scans were performed by two veterinarians. The left and right kidneys were assessed in three moments (day 0 = non-pregnant bitches; days 1^st to 20^th of pregnancy and days 21^st to 40^th of pregnancy) by three techniques (ellipsoid; VOCAL 12° and VOCAL 30°). For reproducibility calculations, we used the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results

The inferential result of the volumes in ANOVA revealed the interaction effect between side and moment (p = 0.009). The 3D techniques showed, in average, the same renal volumes (p = 0.137) regardless of the side and moment. Considering the right side, the renal volume in the day 0 was smaller than the day 21^st to 40^th (p = 0.029). Considering the left side, the renal volume at day 0 was smaller than the day 1^st to 20^th (p = 0.020) and day 21^st to 40^th (p = 0.007). It was found good intra observer reproducibility (ICC > 0.9) and none of the three techniques showed a good inter observer reproducibility (ICC < 0.7).

Conclusion

The renal volume bitches by 3D ultrasonography using the VOCAL method (12° and 30°) had good correlation with the volume obtained by 2D ultrasonography method.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Mendonça et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1 .

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