Gender differences in the use of insecticide-treated nets after a universal free distribution campaign in Kano State, Nigeria: post-campaign survey results

Malaria Journal

Research

Yazoume Ye¹  Elizabeth Ivanovich¹  Ashley E Garley¹  Svetlana Negroustoueva²  Erin Eckert³ 

[1] ICF International, 11785 Beltsville Drive, Suite 300, 20705, Calverton, MD, USA;Independent Consultant, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo;The US President’s Malaria Initiative/USAID, Washington, DC, USA;

关键词: Long-lasting insecticidal net;    Insecticide-treated net;    Net use;    Gender;    Universal coverage;    Health disparities;    Survey;    Free distribution campaign;    Kano State;    Nigeria;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1475-2875-12-119

 received in 2012-12-27, accepted in 2013-04-06,  发布年份 2013

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundRecent expansion in insecticide-treated net (ITN) distribution strategies range from targeting pregnant women and children under five and distributing ITN at antenatal care and immunization programmes, to providing free distribution campaigns to cover an entire population. These changes in strategy raise issues of disparities, such as equity of access and equality in ITN use among different groups, including females and males. Analysis is needed to assess the effects of gender on uptake of key malaria control interventions. A recent post-universal free ITN distribution campaign survey in Kano State, Nigeria offered an opportunity to look at gender effects on ITN use.MethodsA post-campaign survey was conducted three to five months after the campaign in Kano State, Nigeria from 19 October to 4 November, 2009, on a random sample of 4,602 individuals. The survey was carried out using a questionnaire adapted from the Malaria Indicator Survey. Using binary logistic regression, controlling for several covariates, the authors assessed gender effects on ITN use among individuals living in households with at least one ITN.ResultsThe survey showed that household ITN ownership increased more than 10-fold, from 6% before to 71% after the campaign. There was no significant difference between the proportion of females and males living in households with at least one ITN. However, a higher percentage of females used ITNs compared to males (57.2% vs 48.8%). After controlling for several covariates, females remained more likely to use ITNs compared to males (OR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.3-1.7). Adolescent boys remained the least likely group to use an ITN.ConclusionsThis study reveals gender disparity in ITN use, with males less likely to use ITNs particularly among ages 15–25 years. The uptake of the intervention among the most at-risk group (females) is higher than males, which may be reflective of earlier strategies for malaria interventions. Further research is needed to identify whether gender disparities in ITN use are related to traditional targeting of pregnant women and children with malaria interventions; however, results provide evidence to design gender-sensitive messaging for universal ITN distribution campaigns to ensure that males benefit equally from such communications and activities.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Garley et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2013