The effects of Psychotropic drugs On Developing brain (ePOD) study: methods and design

BMC Psychiatry

Study Protocol

Anouk GM Schrantee¹  Cheima Bouziane¹  Michiel B de Ruiter¹  Marieke LJ Schouw¹  Anne Klomp¹  Liesbeth Reneman¹  Roselyne Rijsman²  Frits Boer³  Ramon JL Lindauer³  Henricus G Ruhé⁴  Damiaan Denys⁵  Hyke GH Tamminga⁶  Marco A Bottelier⁷  Hans B Reitsma⁸  Hilde M Geurts⁹ 

[1] Brain Imaging Center, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Center for Sleep and Wake disorders, Medical Center Haaglanden, the Hague, The Netherlands;Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, de Bascule, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Mood and Anxiety Disorders, Groningen, The Netherlands;Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Faculty of Social and Behavioral studies, Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Department of child- and adolescent psychiatry, Triversum, Alkmaar, The Netherlands;Brain Imaging Center, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands;dArc (Dutch Autism and ADHD research center), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Faculty of Social and Behavioral studies, Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;

关键词: Development;    Antidepressants;    Psychostimulants;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1471-244X-14-48

 received in 2013-05-13, accepted in 2014-01-31,  发布年份 2014

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundAnimal studies have shown that methylphenidate (MPH) and fluoxetine (FLX) have different effects on dopaminergic and serotonergic system in the developing brain compared to the developed brain. The effects of Psychotropic drugs On the Developing brain (ePOD) study is a combination of different approaches to determine whether there are related findings in humans.Methods/DesignAnimal studies were carried out to investigate age-related effects of psychotropic drugs and to validate new neuroimaging techniques. In addition, we set up two double-blind placebo controlled clinical trials with MPH in 50 boys (10–12 years) and 50 young men (23–40 years) suffering from ADHD (ePOD-MPH) and with FLX in 40 girls (12–14 years) and 40 young women (23–40 years) suffering from depression and anxiety disorders (ePOD-SSRI). Trial registration numbers are: Nederlands Trial Register NTR3103 and NTR2111. A cross-sectional cohort study on age-related effects of these psychotropic medications in patients who have been treated previously with MPH or FLX (ePOD-Pharmo) is also ongoing. The effects of psychotropic drugs on the developing brain are studied using neuroimaging techniques together with neuropsychological and psychiatric assessments of cognition, behavior and emotion. All assessments take place before, during (only in case of MPH) and after chronic treatment.DiscussionThe combined results of these approaches will provide new insight into the modulating effect of MPH and FLX on brain development.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Bottelier et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited.