Risky and rushed public crack cocaine smoking: the potential for supervised inhalation facilities

BMC Public Health

Research Article

Huiru Dong¹  Evan Wood²  Thomas Kerr²  Lianping Ti²  M-J Milloy²  Kanna Hayashi²  Pauline Voon³ 

[1] Urban Health Research Initiative, British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital, 608-1080 Burrard Street, V6Z 1Y6, Vancouver, BC, Canada;Urban Health Research Initiative, British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital, 608-1080 Burrard Street, V6Z 1Y6, Vancouver, BC, Canada;Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, St. Paul’s Hospital, 608-1081 Burrard Street, V6Z 1Y6, Vancouver, BC, Canada;Urban Health Research Initiative, British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul’s Hospital, 608-1080 Burrard Street, V6Z 1Y6, Vancouver, BC, Canada;School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2206 East Mall, V6Z 1Z3, Vancouver, BC, Canada;

关键词: Crack;    Cocaine;    Public drug use;    Rushed drug use;    Supervised inhalation;    Supervised consumption;    Crack pipe distribution;    Intravenous;    Injection;    Harm reduction;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12889-016-3137-3

 received in 2016-01-08, accepted in 2016-05-19,  发布年份 2016

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundDespite the multitude of public health and community harms associated with crack cocaine use, little is known about factors associated with smoking crack in public and related risks such as rushed public crack smoking.MethodsData were derived from two prospective cohort studies of people who use illicit drugs in Vancouver, Canada between 2010 and 2014. Multivariable generalized estimating equations were used to identify the prevalence and correlates of public crack smoking and rushed public crack smoking.ResultsIn total, 1085 participants who had smoked crack in the prior six months were eligible for the analysis, of which 379 (34.9 %) reported always or usually smoking crack in public in the previous six months at some point during the study period. Factors positively and independently associated with public crack smoking included public injection drug use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 5.42, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 3.76-7.82), homelessness (AOR: 3.48, 95 % CI: 2.77-4.36), at least daily crack use (AOR: 2.69, 95 % CI: 2.19-3.31), crack pipe sharing (AOR: 1.98, 95 % CI: 1.60-2.46), drug dealing (AOR: 1.59, 95 % CI: 1.30-1.94), recent incarceration (AOR: 1.47, 95 % CI: 1.09-1.98), noticing police presence when buying or using drugs (AOR: 1.30, 95 % CI: 1.06-1.60), and younger age (AOR: 1.03, 95 % CI: 1.01-1.04). Rushed public crack smoking, which was reported by 216 (28.8 %) of 751 participants who had smoked crack in public at least once during the study period, was positively and independently associated with homelessness (AOR: 2.61, 95 % CI: 1.96-3.49), at least daily crack use (AOR: 1.48, 95 % CI: 1.11-1.98), crack pipe sharing (AOR: 1.44, 95 % CI: 1.10-1.89), drug dealing (AOR: 1.39, 95 % CI: 1.04-1.86), and younger age (AOR: 1.02, 95 % CI: 1.01-1.04).ConclusionsA high prevalence of public crack smoking and rushed public crack smoking was observed in this setting. These findings point to the need for implementing and evaluating evidence-based public health interventions, such as supervised inhalation facilities, to reduce the risks and harms associated with smoking crack in public.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Voon et al. 2016