Prevention of atherosclerosis by Yindan Xinnaotong capsule combined with swimming in rats

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Research Article

Rixin Liang¹  Hongjun Yang¹  Leilei Gong¹  Xiaojie Yin¹  Shuangrong Gao¹  Fulong Liao¹  Haiyu Xu¹  Lan Wang¹  Yun You¹  Jianlu Wang¹  Long Cheng²  Wandan Wang³ 

[1] China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Institute of Chinese Material Medical, Beijing, China;Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Beijing, China;Guizhou Bailing Group Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Guizhou, China;School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China;

关键词: Atherosclerosis;    Swimming;    Shear stress;    Yindan Xinnaotong capsule;    Lipid-lowering;    Endothelial protection;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12906-015-0622-7

 received in 2014-07-03, accepted in 2015-03-10,  发布年份 2015

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundYindan Xinnaotong capsule has been used for treating cardio-cerebrovascular diseases for several decades in China. Exercise training can protect against the development of atherosclerosis. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the joint effect of YXC and exercise on atherosclerosis in rats.MethodsA combined method involving low shear stress and a high-fat diet was used to establish the atherosclerosis model in rats. Partial ligation of the left common carotid artery was performed, and then the rats were divided into 9 treatment groups according to a 3 × 3 factorial design with two factors and three levels for each factor, swimming of 0, 0.5, 1 h daily and YXC administration of 0, 1, 2 g/kg p.o. daily. Next the interventions of swimming and YXC were executed for 8 weeks. After that, blood samples were collected to determine blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, haematocrit (HCT), fibrinogen (FIB), blood lipid profile (including total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C)), nitric oxide (NO), 6-keto- prostaglandin (PG) F1α, endothelin (ET) and thromboxane (TX) B2. The common carotid arteries of the rats were harvested to examine pathological changes, wall thickness and circumference, and the expression of SM22αwas assayed via immune-histochemistry.ResultsThe early pathological changes were observed. The joint effects of YXC and swimming showed significant changes in the examined parameters: (1) decreases in plasma viscosity, blood viscosity and FIB; (2) increases in NO and 6-keto-PGF1α; (3) decreases in ET and TXB2; and (4) decreases in LDL-C and TG. The combination of 2 g/kg YXC and 1 h of swimming led to synergistic decreases in LDL-C and TG. The interactive effect between YXC and swimming was obvious in decreasing wall thickness. Swimming alone was able to up-regulate the expression of SM22α.ConclusionsIn conclusion, this study indicates that the combination of YXC and swimming may prevent atherosclerosis through a synergistic effect between YXC and swimming in improving blood circulation, hemorheological parameters, blood lipids levels and the vascular endothelium in rats. The vascular remodeling may be contributed to the prevention effects on AS by up-regulating SM22α.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Wang et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.