Plasma carotenoids are associated with socioeconomic status in an urban Indigenous population: an observational study

BMC Public Health

Research Article

Allison Hodge¹  Terry Dunbar²  Joan Cunningham³  Louise Maple-Brown⁴  Kerin O'Dea⁵ 

[1] Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia;Faculty of Education, Health and Science and Graduate School of Health Practices, Charles Darwin University, Australia;Menzies School of Health Research, Institute of Advanced Studies, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia;Menzies School of Health Research, Institute of Advanced Studies, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia;Division of Medicine, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Australia;Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Australia;

关键词: Carotenoid;    Lycopene;    Home Ownership;    Normal Glucose Tolerance;    Torres Strait Islander;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2458-11-76

 received in 2010-08-31, accepted in 2011-02-02,  发布年份 2011

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundIndigenous Australians experience poorer health than other Australians. Poor diet may contribute to this, and be related to their generally lower socioeconomic status (SES). Even within Indigenous populations, SES may be important. Our aim was to identify factors associated with plasma carotenoids as a marker of fruit and vegetable intake among urban dwelling Indigenous Australians, with a particular focus on SES.MethodsCross sectional study in urban dwelling Indigenous Australians participating in the DRUID (Darwin Region Urban Indigenous Diabetes) Study. An SES score, based on education, employment, household size, home ownership and income was computed and plasma carotenoids measured by high performance liquid chromatography in 897 men and women aged 15 - 81 years (mean 36, standard deviation 15). Linear regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between SES and plasma carotenoids, adjusting for demographic, health and lifestyle variables, including frequency of intakes of food groups (fruit, vegetables, takeaway foods, snacks and fruit/vegetable juice).ResultsSES was positively associated with plasma concentrations of lutein/zeaxanthin (p trend <0.001), lycopene (p trend = 0.001), α- and ß-carotene (p trend = 0.019 and 0.026 respectively), after adjusting for age, sex, glucose tolerance status, smoking, alcohol use, hypercholesterolemia, dyslipidemia, self-reported health, waist to hip ratio and body mass index. These associations remained after adjustment for self-reported frequency of intake of fruit, vegetables, takeaway foods and fruit juice, which all showed some association with plasma carotenoids. Even in the highest SES quintile, concentrations of all carotenoids (except lycopene) were lower than the mean concentrations in a non-Indigenous population.ConclusionsEven within urban Indigenous Australians, higher SES was associated with higher concentrations of plasma carotenoids. Low plasma carotenoids have been linked with poor health outcomes; increasing accessibility of fruit and vegetables, as well as reducing smoking rates could increase concentrations and otherwise improve health, but our results suggest there may be additional factors contributing to lower carotenoid concentrations in Indigenous Australians.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Hodge et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2011