Use of theory in computer-based interventions to reduce alcohol use among adolescents and young adults: a systematic review

BMC Public Health

Research Article

James C. Lester¹  Rebecca K. Erenrich²  Kathleen P. Tebb²  Elizabeth M. Ozer²  Carolyn Bradner Jasik²  Mark S. Berna² 

[1] Center for Educational Informatics, North Carolina State University, 911 Oval Drive, Engineering Building III (EB3), Room 2402B, 27606, Raleigh, NC, USA;Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, Box 0503, 3333 California Street, 94122, San Francisco, CA, USA;

关键词: Adolescent;    Young adult;    Alcohol drinking;    Alcohol prevention;    Theoretical models;    Computer systems;    Computer-based interventions;    Systematic review;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12889-016-3183-x

 received in 2015-12-13, accepted in 2016-06-06,  发布年份 2016

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundAlcohol use and binge drinking among adolescents and young adults remain frequent causes of preventable injuries, disease, and death, and there has been growing attention to computer-based modes of intervention delivery to prevent/reduce alcohol use. Research suggests that health interventions grounded in established theory are more effective than those with no theoretical basis. The goal of this study was to conduct a literature review of computer-based interventions (CBIs) designed to address alcohol use among adolescents and young adults (aged 12–21 years) and examine the extent to which CBIs use theories of behavior change in their development and evaluations. This study also provides an update on extant CBIs addressing alcohol use among youth and their effectiveness.MethodsBetween November and December of 2014, a literature review of CBIs aimed at preventing or reducing alcohol in PsychINFO, PubMed, and Google Scholar was conducted. The use of theory in each CBI was examined using a modified version of the classification system developed by Painter et al. (Ann Behav Med 35:358–362, 2008).ResultsThe search yielded 600 unique articles, 500 were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. The 100 remaining articles were retained for analyses. Many articles were written about a single intervention; thus, the search revealed a total of 42 unique CBIs. In examining the use of theory, 22 CBIs (52 %) explicitly named one or more theoretical frameworks. Primary theories mentioned were social cognitive theory, transtheoretical model, theory of planned behavior and reasoned action, and health belief model. Less than half (48 %), did not use theory, but mentioned either use of a theoretical construct (such as self-efficacy) or an intervention technique (e.g., manipulating social norms). Only a few articles provided detailed information about how the theory was applied to the CBI; the vast majority included little to no information.ConclusionsGiven the importance of theory in guiding interventions, greater emphasis on the selection and application of theory is needed. The classification system used in this review offers a guiding framework for reporting how theory based principles can be applied to computer based interventions.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s). 2016