The weight of nations: an estimation of adult human biomass

BMC Public Health

Research Article

Gretchen Stevens¹  Phil Edwards²  David Prieto-Merino²  John Cleland²  Ian Roberts²  Sarah Catherine Walpole³ 

[1] Department of Health Statistics and Informatics, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211, Geneva 27, Switzerland;Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, WC1E 7HT, London, UK;Foundation Year 2 doctor, North Yorkshire and East Coast deanery, 4 Hilton Place, LS8 4HE, Leeds, UK;

关键词: Body Mass Index;    Physical Activity Level;    Energy Requirement;    Basal Metabolic Rate;    Average Body Mass Index;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2458-12-439

 received in 2011-11-18, accepted in 2012-06-18,  发布年份 2012

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThe energy requirement of species at each trophic level in an ecological pyramid is a function of the number of organisms and their average mass. Regarding human populations, although considerable attention is given to estimating the number of people, much less is given to estimating average mass, despite evidence that average body mass is increasing. We estimate global human biomass, its distribution by region and the proportion of biomass due to overweight and obesity.MethodsFor each country we used data on body mass index (BMI) and height distribution to estimate average adult body mass. We calculated total biomass as the product of population size and average body mass. We estimated the percentage of the population that is overweight (BMI > 25) and obese (BMI > 30) and the biomass due to overweight and obesity.ResultsIn 2005, global adult human biomass was approximately 287 million tonnes, of which 15 million tonnes were due to overweight (BMI > 25), a mass equivalent to that of 242 million people of average body mass (5% of global human biomass). Biomass due to obesity was 3.5 million tonnes, the mass equivalent of 56 million people of average body mass (1.2% of human biomass). North America has 6% of the world population but 34% of biomass due to obesity. Asia has 61% of the world population but 13% of biomass due to obesity. One tonne of human biomass corresponds to approximately 12 adults in North America and 17 adults in Asia. If all countries had the BMI distribution of the USA, the increase in human biomass of 58 million tonnes would be equivalent in mass to an extra 935 million people of average body mass, and have energy requirements equivalent to that of 473 million adults.ConclusionsIncreasing population fatness could have the same implications for world food energy demands as an extra half a billion people living on the earth.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Walpole et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012