An in vitro study of anti-inflammatory activity of standardised Andrographis paniculata extracts and pure andrographolide

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Research Article

Mitchell Low¹  Cheang S Khoo¹  Gerald Münch²  Suresh Govindaraghavan³  Nikolaus J Sucher⁴ 

[1] National Institute of Complementary Medicine, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, N.S.W. 2751, Locked Bag 1797, Campbelltown, Australia;National Institute of Complementary Medicine, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, N.S.W. 2751, Locked Bag 1797, Campbelltown, Australia;Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Medicine Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Campbelltown, Australia;Network Nutrition-IMCD Australia, Unit 9, 7 Meridian Place, 2153, Bella Vista, NSW, Australia;Science Department, Roxbury Community College, 02120, 1234 Columbus Avenue, Roxbury Crossing, MA, USA;

关键词: Andrographolide;    Andrographis paniculata;    Anti-inflammatory;    Antioxidant;    TNF-α;    Phytochemistry;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12906-015-0525-7

 received in 2014-04-07, accepted in 2015-01-15,  发布年份 2015

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThe anti-inflammatory activity of Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae), a traditional medicine widely used in Asia, is commonly attributed to andrographolide, its main secondary metabolite. Commercial A. paniculata extracts are standardised to andrographolide content. We undertook the present study to investigate 1) how selective enrichment of andrographolide in commercial A. paniculata extracts affects the variability of non-standardised phytochemical components and 2) if variability in the non-standardised components of the extract affects the pharmacological activity of andrographolide itself.MethodsWe characterized 12 commercial, standardised (≥30% andrographolide) batches of A. paniculata extracts from India by HPLC profiling. We determined the antioxidant capacity of the extracts using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) and a Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) antioxidant assays. Their anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by assaying their inhibitory effect on the release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the human monocytic cell line THP-1.ResultsThe andrographolide content in the samples was close to the claimed value (32.2 ± 2.1%, range 27.5 to 35.9%). Twenty-one non-standardised constituents exhibited more than 2-fold variation in HPLC peak intensities in the tested batches. The chlorogenic acid content of the batches varied more than 30-fold. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity varied ~3-fold, the ORAC and FC antioxidant capacity varied ~1.5 fold among batches. In contrast, the TNF-α inhibitory activity of the extracts exhibited little variation and comparison with pure andrographolide indicated that it was mostly due to their andrographolide content.ConclusionsStandardised A. paniculata extracts contained the claimed amount of andrographolide but exhibited considerable phytochemical background variation. DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extracts was mostly due to the flavonoid/phenlycarboxylic acid compounds in the extracts. The inhibitory effect of andrographolide on the release of TNF-α was little affected by the quantitative variation of the non-standardised constituents.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Low et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.