Synergistic effects of acyclovir and 3, 19- isopropylideneandrographolide on herpes simplex virus wild types and drug-resistant strains

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Research Article

Thongkoon Priengprom¹  Chamsai Pientong²  Tipaya Ekalaksananan²  Chantana Aromdee³  Bunkerd Kongyingyoes⁴  Supawadee Suebsasana⁵ 

[1] Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand;Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand;HPV & EBV and carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand;HPV & EBV and carcinogenesis Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand;Faculty of Pharmacy, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand;

关键词: Acyclovir;    Vero Cell;    Thymidine Kinase;    Combination Index;    Penciclovir;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12906-015-0591-x

 received in 2014-08-11, accepted in 2015-02-25,  发布年份 2015

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundAn andrographolide analogue, 3, 19-isopropylideneandrographolide (IPAD), exerts an inhibitory effect on replication of wild-type herpes simplex virus serotype 1 (HSV-1). In this study, we examined the anti-viral activity of IPAD on HSV wild types (HSV-1 strain KOS and HSV-2 clinical isolate) and HSV-1 drug-resistant strains (DRs). Synergistic effects of IPAD with acyclovir (ACV) were also evaluated.MethodsMTT and cytopathic effect (CPE) reduction assays were performed to determine cytotoxicity and anti-viral activities, respectively. A combination assay was used to determine synergistic effects of IPAD and ACV. Presence of viral DNA and protein in experimental cells was investigated using the polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively.ResultsA non-cytotoxic concentration of IPAD (20.50 μM) completely inhibited CPE formation induced by HSV wild types and HSV-1 DRs after viral entry into the cells. The anti-HSV activities included inhibition of viral DNA and protein synthesis. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of ACV for HSV wild types and HSV-1 DRs were 20.20 and 2,220.00 μM, respectively. Combination of ACV with IPAD showed synergistic effects in inhibition of CPE formation, viral DNA and protein synthesis by HSV wild types as well as HSV-1 DRs. For the synergistic effects on HSV wild types and HSV-1 DRs, the effective concentrations of ACV were reduced.ConclusionsThese results showed the inhibitory potential of IPAD on HSV wild types and HSV-1 DRs and suggested that IPAD could be used in combination with ACV for treatment of HSV-1 DRs infections.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Priengprom et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.