Dental pulp pluripotent-like stem cells (DPPSC), a new stem cell population with chromosomal stability and osteogenic capacity for biomaterials evaluation

BMC Cell Biology

Research Article

Miguel Ángel Carrasco¹  Ester Martínez-Sarrಠ Sheyla Montori²  Carlos Gil-Recio²  Raquel Núñez-Toldrಠ Maher Atari³  Ashraf Al Madhoun⁴ 

[1] Area of Pathology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain;Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain;Chair of Regenerative Implantology MIS-UIC, Barcelona, Spain;Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain;Chair of Regenerative Implantology MIS-UIC, Barcelona, Spain;Surgery and Oral Implantology Department, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain;Research Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait;

关键词: Dental pulp;    Stem cells;    Pluripotency;    Genetic stability;    Osteogenic differentiation;    Biomaterials;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12860-017-0137-9

 received in 2016-05-27, accepted in 2017-04-12,  发布年份 2017

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundBiomaterials are widely used to regenerate or substitute bone tissue. In order to evaluate their potential use for clinical applications, these need to be tested and evaluated in vitro with cell culture models. Frequently, immortalized osteoblastic cell lines are used in these studies. However, their uncontrolled proliferation rate, phenotypic changes or aberrations in mitotic processes limits their use in long-term investigations. Recently, we described a new pluripotent-like subpopulation of dental pulp stem cells derived from the third molars (DPPSC) that shows genetic stability and shares some pluripotent characteristics with embryonic stem cells. In this study we aim to describe the use of DPPSC to test biomaterials, since we believe that the biomaterial cues will be more critical in order to enhance the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells.MethodsThe capacity of DPPSC to differentiate into osteogenic lineage was compared with human sarcoma osteogenic cell line (SAOS-2). Collagen and titanium were used to assess the cell behavior in commonly used biomaterials. The analyses were performed by flow cytometry, alkaline phosphatase and mineralization stains, RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, scanning electron microscopy, Western blot and enzymatic activity. Moreover, the genetic stability was evaluated and compared before and after differentiation by short-comparative genomic hybridization (sCGH).ResultsDPPSC showed excellent differentiation into osteogenic lineages expressing bone-related markers similar to SAOS-2. When cells were cultured on biomaterials, DPPSC showed higher initial adhesion levels. Nevertheless, their osteogenic differentiation showed similar trend among both cell types. Interestingly, only DPPSC maintained a normal chromosomal dosage before and after differentiation on 2D monolayer and on biomaterials.ConclusionsTaken together, these results promote the use of DPPSC as a new pluripotent-like cell model to evaluate the biocompatibility and the differentiation capacity of biomaterials used in bone regeneration.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s). 2017