Arterial stiffness in hypertensive and type 2 diabetes patients in Ghana: comparison of the cardio-ankle vascular index and central aortic techniques

BMC Endocrine Disorders

Research Article

J. Kennedy Cruickshank¹  Charlotte E. Mills¹  Virginia Govoni¹  Ben Gyan²  Albert G. B. Amoah³  Kwame Yeboah⁴  Daniel A. Antwi⁴ 

[1] Cardiovascular Medicine Group, Division of Diabetes and Nutrition, King’s College and King’s Health Partners, London, UK;Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana;Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana;National Diabetes Management and Research Centre, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana;Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical & Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O. Box KB 143, Accra, Ghana;

关键词: Cardio-ankle vascular index;    Arterial stiffness;    Aortic pulse wave velocity;    Diabetes;    Hypertension;    Ghana;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12902-016-0135-5

 received in 2016-03-22, accepted in 2016-09-21,  发布年份 2016

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundDiabetes and hypertension increase arterial stiffness and cardiovascular events in all societies studied so far; sub-Saharan African studies are sparse. We investigated factors affecting arterial function in Ghanaians with diabetes, hypertension, both or neither.MethodTesting the hypothesis that arterial stiffness would progressively increase from controls to multiply affected patients, 270 participants were stratified into those with diabetes or hypertension only, with both, or without either. Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), heart–ankle pulse wave velocity (haPWV), aortic PWV (PWVao) by Arteriograph, aortic and brachial blood pressures (BP), were measured.ResultsIn patients with both diabetes and hypertension compared with either alone, values were higher of CAVI (mean ± SD, 8.3 ± 1.2 vs 7.5 ± 1.1 and 7.4 ± 1.1 units; p < 0.05), PWVao (9.1 ± 1.4 vs 8.7 ± 1.9 and 8.1 ± 0.9 m/s; p < 0.05) and haPWV (8.5 ± 1 vs 7.9 ± 1 and 7.2 ± 0.7 m/s; p < 0.05) respectively. In multivariate analysis, age, having diabetes or hypertension and BMI were independently associated with CAVI in all participants (β = 0.49, 0.2, 0.17 and -0.2 units; p < 0.01, respectively). Independent determinants of PWVao were heart rate, systolic BP and age (β = 0.42, 0.27 and 0.22; p < 0.01), and for haPWV were systolic BP, age, BMI, diabetes and hypertension status (β = 0.46, 0.32, -0.2, 0.2 and 0.11; p < 0.01).ConclusionIn this sub-Saharan setting with lesser atherosclerosis than the western world, arterial stiffness is significantly greater in patients with coexistent diabetes and hypertension but did not differ between those with either diabetes or hypertension only. Simple, reproducibly measured PWV/CAVI may offer effective and efficient targets for intervention.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s). 2016