Systematic review: brain metastases from colorectal cancer—Incidence and patient characteristics

BMC Cancer

Research Article

Karen-Lise Garm Spindler¹  Dorte Lisbet Nielsen²  Troels Dreier Christensen²  Jesper Andreas Palshof² 

[1] Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark;Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730, Herlev, Denmark;

关键词: Brain metastases;    Colorectal cancer;    Incidence;    Lung metastases;    RAS;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12885-016-2290-5

 received in 2015-09-04, accepted in 2016-03-22,  发布年份 2016

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundBrain metastases (BM) from colorectal cancer (CRC) are a rare event. However, the implications for affected patients are severe, and the incidence has been reported to be increasing. For clinicians, knowledge about the characteristics associated with BM is important and could lead to earlier diagnosis and improved survival.MethodIn this paper, we describe the incidence as well as characteristics associated with BM based on a systematic review of the current literature, following the PRISMA guidelines.ResultsWe show that the incidence of BM in CRC patients ranges from 0.6 to 3.2 %. BM are a late stage phenomenon, and young age, rectal primary and lung metastases are associated with increased risk of developing BM. Molecular markers such as KRAS, BRAF, NRAS mutation as well as an increase in CEA and CA19.9 levels are suggested predictors of brain involvement. However, only KRAS mutations are reasonably well investigated and associated with an increased risk of BM.ConclusionThe incidence of BM from CRC is 0.6 to 3.2 % and did not seem to increase over time. Development of BM is associated with young age, lung metastases, rectal primary and KRAS mutation. Increased awareness of brain involvement in patients with these characteristics is necessary.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Christensen et al. 2016