Mild to moderate post-COVID-19 alters markers of lymphocyte activation, exhaustion, and immunometabolic responses that can be partially associated by physical activity level— an observational sub-analysis fit- COVID study

Frontiers in Immunology

Immunology

Marília Seelaender¹  Valdir de AquinoLemos²  Ronaldo Vagner T. Dos Santos²  Alexandre Abílio Teixeira³  José César Rosa-Neto³  André Olean-Oliveira⁴  Marcos F. S. Teixeira⁴  Karsten Krüger⁵  Ana Paula Coelho Figueira Freire⁶  Bruna Spolador de Alencar Silva⁷  Osmar Marchioto Júnior⁷  José Procópio Jabur Ribeiro⁷  Camila Souza Padilha⁷  Ana Elisa von Ah Morano⁷  Luciele Guerra Minuzzi⁷  Tiago Olean-Oliveira⁷  Caique Figueiredo⁷  Ivete Vera Medeiros dos Santos⁷  Fábio Santos Lira⁸  Manuel-João Coelho-E-Silva⁹  Ricardo Aurino Pinho^1,10  Gilson Pires Dorneles^1,11  Bruna Marmett^1,11  Armando Caseiro^1,12  Telmo Pereira^1,12  Patrícia M. Seraphim^1,13  Vanessa RibeiroDos Santos^1,13  Jonathan Peter Little^1,14  Hashim Islam^1,14 

[1] Cancer Metabolism Research Group, LIM26-HC, FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;Department of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil;Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Science and Technology, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil;Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany;Department of Health Sciences, Central Washington University, Ellensburg, WA, United States;Physiotherapy Department, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente, Brazil;Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Postgraduation Program in Movement Sciences, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Brazil;Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Postgraduation Program in Movement Sciences, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Brazil;Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Research Center for Sport and Physical Activity (uid/dtp/04213/2020), Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal;Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Research Center for Sport and Physical Activity (uid/dtp/04213/2020), Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal;Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Parana, Curitiba, Brazil;Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil;Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Health School, Coimbra, Portugal;Postgraduation Program in Movement Sciences, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Brazil;School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada;

关键词: SARS-CoV-2;    physical activity;    immune response;    metabolism;    inflammation;    post-acute COVID-19 syndrome;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fimmu.2023.1212745

 received in 2023-04-26, accepted in 2023-08-10,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

AimThis study aimed to evaluate if physical activity is associated with systemic and cellular immunometabolic responses, in young adults after mild-to-moderate COVID-19 infection.MethodsMild- to- moderate post-COVID-19 patients (70.50 ± 43.10 days of diagnosis; age: 29.4 (21.9– 34.9) years; BMI: 25.5 ± 4.3 kg m2 n = 20) and healthy age-matched controls (age: 29.3 (21.2 – 32.6) years; BMI: 25.4 ± 4.7 kg m2; n = 20) were evaluated. Physical activity levels (PAL), body composition, dietary habits, muscular and pulmonary function, mental health, sleep quality, metabolic parameters, immune phenotypic characterization, stimulated whole blood and PBMC culture (cytokine production), mRNA, and mitochondrial respiration in PBMCs were evaluated. ResultsThe post-COVID-19 group exhibited lower levels of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (p = 0.038); therefore, all study comparisons were performed with adjustment for MVPA. Post-COVID-19 impacted the pulmonary function (FEV1, FEV1%pred, FVC, and FVC %pred) compared with the control (p adjusted by MVPA (p adj) <0.05). Post-COVID-19 exhibited lower levels of serum IL-6 (p adj <0.01), whereas it showed higher serum IL-10, triglyceride, leptin, IgG, ACE activity, TNFRSF1A, and PGE2 (p adj <0.05) levels compared with controls. Post-COVID-19 presented a lower percentage of Treg cells (p adj = 0.03) and altered markers of lymphocyte activation and exhaustion (lower CD28 expression in CD8+ T cells (p adj = 0.014), whereas CD4+T cells showed higher PD1 expression (p adj = 0.037)) compared with the control group. Finally, post- COVID-19 presented an increased LPS-stimulated whole- blood IL-10 concentration (p adj <0.01). When exploring mitochondrial respiration and gene expression in PBMCs, we observed a higher LEAK state value (p adj <0.01), lower OXPHOS activity (complex I) (p adj = 0.04), and expression of the Rev-Erb-α clock mRNA after LPS stimulation in the post-COVID-19 patients than in the control (p adj <0.01). Mainly, PAL was associated with changes in IL-10, triglyceride, and leptin levels in the plasma of post-COVID-19 patients. PAL was also associated with modulation of the peripheral frequency of Treg cells and the expression of PD-1 in CD8+ T cells, although it abrogated the statistical effect in the analysis of TNF-α and IL-6 production by LPS- and PMA-stimulated PBMC of post-COVID-19 patients. ConclusionYoung adults after mild-to-moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection appeared to have lower physical activity levels, which can be associated with clinical and immunometabolic responses in a complex manner.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Silva, Pereira, Minuzzi, Padilha, Figueiredo, Olean-Oliveira, dos Santos, von Ah Morano, Marchioto Júnior, Ribeiro, Dos Santos, Seelaender, Teixeira, Dos Santos, Lemos, Freire, Dorneles, Marmett, Olean-Oliveira, Teixeira, Seraphim, Caseiro, Pinho, Islam, Little, Krüger, Rosa-Neto, Coelho-E-Silva and Lira