What do we know about the function of SARS-CoV-2 proteins?

Frontiers in Immunology

Immunology

Mauro Quiñones Aguilar¹  Carmen Sofia Uribe Calampa¹  Roberto Pineda Chavarría¹  Adriana Castillo-Chávez¹  Romina Garavito-Salini Casas¹  Gianfranco Landa Bianchi¹  Santiago Justo Arevalo²  Daniela Zapata Sifuentes²  César J. Huallpa³ 

[1] Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, Peru;Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, Peru;Departmento de Bioquimica, Instituto de Quimica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, Peru;

关键词: immune pathways;    COVID-19;    pandemic;    translation inhibition;    viral infection;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fimmu.2023.1249607

 received in 2023-06-29, accepted in 2023-08-30,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance in the understanding of the biology of SARS-CoV-2. After more than two years since the first report of COVID-19, it remains crucial to continue studying how SARS-CoV-2 proteins interact with the host metabolism to cause COVID-19. In this review, we summarize the findings regarding the functions of the 16 non-structural, 6 accessory and 4 structural SARS-CoV-2 proteins. We place less emphasis on the spike protein, which has been the subject of several recent reviews. Furthermore, comprehensive reviews about COVID-19 therapeutic have been also published. Therefore, we do not delve into details on these topics; instead we direct the readers to those other reviews. To avoid confusions with what we know about proteins from other coronaviruses, we exclusively report findings that have been experimentally confirmed in SARS-CoV-2. We have identified host mechanisms that appear to be the primary targets of SARS-CoV-2 proteins, including gene expression and immune response pathways such as ribosome translation, JAK/STAT, RIG-1/MDA5 and NF-kβ pathways. Additionally, we emphasize the multiple functions exhibited by SARS-CoV-2 proteins, along with the limited information available for some of these proteins. Our aim with this review is to assist researchers and contribute to the ongoing comprehension of SARS-CoV-2’s pathogenesis.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 Justo Arevalo, Castillo-Chávez, Uribe Calampa, Zapata Sifuentes, Huallpa, Landa Bianchi, Garavito-Salini Casas, Quiñones Aguilar and Pineda Chavarría