Studying temporal titre evolution of commercial SARS-CoV-2 assays reveals significant shortcomings of using BAU standardization for comparison

Virology Journal

Research

Simon Winter¹  Kerstin Puchinger¹  Jonathan Frese¹  Sacha Horn¹  Friedrich Riess¹  Flora Déak¹  Paulina Diepers¹  Anna Zielke¹  Elmar Saathoff¹  Michael Pritsch¹  Jan Bruger¹  Jakob Reich¹  Jessica Guggenbühl¹  Angelika Thomschke¹  Philine Falk¹  Abhishek Bakuli¹  Alisa Markgraf¹  Heike Fensterseifer¹  Noemi Castelletti²  Laura Olbrich³  Christof Geldmacher³  Mohamed I. M. Ahmed³  Inge Kroidl³  Tabea M. Eser³  Michael Hoelscher⁴  Andreas Wieser⁵  Raquel Rubio-Acero⁶  Ivana Paunovic⁷ 

[1] Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical Center of the University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany;Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical Center of the University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany;Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology, Infection and Pandemic Research, Türkenstraße 87, 80799, Munich, Germany;Institute of Radiation Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany;Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical Center of the University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany;German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany;Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical Center of the University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany;German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany;Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology, Infection and Pandemic Research, Türkenstraße 87, 80799, Munich, Germany;Center for International Health (CIH), University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany;Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical Center of the University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany;German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany;Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany;Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology, Infection and Pandemic Research, Türkenstraße 87, 80799, Munich, Germany;Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical Center of the University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany;Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany;Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical Center of the University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany;Max-von-Pettenkofer Institute, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany;Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology, Infection and Pandemic Research, Türkenstraße 87, 80799, Munich, Germany;

关键词: Antibody;    COVID-19;    Nucleocapsid;    RBD;    SARS-CoV-2;    Serology;    Spike;    Binding antibody units;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12985-023-02167-z

 received in 2022-11-14, accepted in 2023-08-24,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundMeasuring specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies has become one of the main epidemiological tools to survey the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, but also vaccination response. The WHO made available a set of well-characterized samples derived from recovered individuals to allow normalization between different quantitative anti-Spike assays to defined Binding Antibody Units (BAU).MethodsTo assess sero-responses longitudinally, a cohort of ninety-nine SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive subjects was followed up together with forty-five vaccinees without previous infection but with two vaccinations. Sero-responses were evaluated using a total of six different assays: four measuring anti-Spike proteins (converted to BAU), one measuring anti-Nucleocapsid proteins and one SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralization. Both cohorts were evaluated using the Euroimmun Anti-SARS-CoV-2-ELISA anti-S1 IgG and the Roche Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 anti-S1 assay.ResultsIn SARS-CoV-2-convalesce subjects, the BAU-sero-responses of Euroimmun Anti-SARS-CoV-2-ELISA anti-S1 IgG and Roche Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 anti-S1 peaked both at 47 (43–51) days, the first assay followed by a slow decay thereafter (> 208 days), while the second assay not presenting any decay within one year. Both assay values in BAUs are only equivalent a few months after infection, elsewhere correction factors up to 10 are necessary. In contrast, in infection-naive vaccinees the assays perform similarly.ConclusionThe results of our study suggest that the establishment of a protective correlate or vaccination booster recommendation based on different assays, although BAU-standardised, is still challenging. At the moment the characteristics of the available assays used are not related, and the BAU-standardisation is unable to correct for that.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2023

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