Antibiotic prophylaxis and surgical site infections in orthognathic surgery – a retrospective analysis

BMC Oral Health

Research Article

Daniel Awad¹  Susanne Kluba¹  Michael Krimmel¹  Andreas Naros¹  Carola Helene Naros¹ 

[1] Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tuebingen University Hospital, Osianderstrasse 2-8, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany;

关键词: Orthognathic surgery;    Surgical site infection;    Antibiotics;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12903-023-03391-3

 received in 2022-10-08, accepted in 2023-09-05,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundThis study was conducted to determine surgical site infection (SSI) rates and potential risk factors as well as to evaluate antibiotic prophylaxis in orthognathic surgery.MethodsThis retrospective observational study included patients who received orthognathic surgery. SSIs and their management were assessed for up to one year post-operatively. The applied antibiotic regime and other possible influencing factors (smoking, age, site of infection, drainage, duration of surgery, displacement distances, craniofacial malformations) were assessed.ResultsIn total 291 patient met the inclusion criteria (56.7% female). The mean age at surgery was 25.5 ± 8.5 years. Fifty-four patients (18.6%) were diagnosed with a craniofacial malformation. Relevant previous surgeries were documented in about one quarter of included patients (n = 75). Ninety-two percent of patients (n = 267) received intraoperative single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis. Surgical site infections occurred in 12.4% (n = 36) of patients. There was a significant association between postoperative infections and type of surgery (P = .037) as well as type of drainage (P = .002). Statistical analyses also revealed a higher prevalence of smokers (P = .036) and previous surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE) (P = .018) in the infection group. Furthermore, no significant relationships were observed between postoperative infections and various co-factors (i.e. antibiotic regime, age at surgery, gender, associated craniofacial malformations, surgery duration, displacement distances, mandibular setback vs. advancement).ConclusionLow rates of SSIs occurred following an intraoperative single-dose antibiotic regime. None of the SSIs had a significant effect on the final surgical outcome. Present data do not warrant escalation of the antibiotic regimen. Postoperative smoking and capillary drainage should be avoided.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2023