A systematic review on gender dysphoria in adolescents and young adults: focus on suicidal and self-harming ideation and behaviours

Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health

Review

Cecilia Cianfriglia¹  Angelica Marfoli¹  Elisa Marconi²  Federica Moriconi²  Laura Monti²  Daniela Pia Rosaria Chieffo³  Gabriele Sani⁴  Delfina Janiri⁴  Georgios D. Kotzalidis⁵  Chiara Veredice⁶  Stefano Costa⁷ 

[1] Catholic University of the Sacred Heart—Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy;Clinical Psychology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168, Rome, Italy;Clinical Psychology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168, Rome, Italy;Departement of Life Sciences and Public Health Department, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168, Rome, Italy;Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Head, Neck and Thorax, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168, Rome, Italy;Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart—Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy;NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Via Di Grottarossa1035-1039, 00198, Rome, Italy;Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Head, Neck and Thorax, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168, Rome, Italy;Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart—Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy;Pediatric Neuropsychiatry Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy;UOSD Operative Unit Psychiatry and Psychotherapy for Adolescents, Azienda USL Di Bologna, Ospedale MaggioreLargo Bartolo Nigrisoli, 2, 40133, Bologna, Italy;

关键词: Gender dysphoria;    Transgender;    Suicide;    Suicidal thinking;    Suicidal attempts;    Non-suicidal self-harm;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13034-023-00654-3

 received in 2023-04-04, accepted in 2023-08-30,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

IntroductionGender dysphoria (GD) is characterized by the incongruence between one’s experienced and expressed gender and assigned-sex-at-birth; it is associated with clinically significant distress. In recent years, the number of young patients diagnosed with GD has increased considerably. Recent studies reported that GD adolescents present behavioural and emotional problems and internalizing problems. Furthermore, this population shows a prevalence of psychiatric symptoms, like depression and anxiety. Several studies showed high rates of suicidal and non-suicidal self-injurious thoughts and behaviour in GD adolescents. To increase understanding of overall mental health status and potential risks of young people with GD, this systematic review focused on risk of suicide and self-harm gestures.MethodsWe followed the PRISMA 2020 statement, collecting empirical studies from four electronic databases, i.e., PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science.ResultsTwenty-one studies on GD and gender nonconforming identity, suicidality, and self-harm in adolescents and young adults met inclusion criteria. Results showed that GD adolescents have more suicidal ideation, life-threatening behaviour, self-injurious thoughts or self-harm than their cisgender peers. Assessment methods were heterogeneous.ConclusionA standardised assessment is needed. Understanding the mental health status of transgender young people could help develop and provide effective clinical pathways and interventions.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2023

【 图 表 】

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Fig. 2