Gastric xanthelasma is a warning sign for Helicobacter pylori infection, atrophic gastritis, and intestinal metaplasia

Frontiers in Medicine

Medicine

Jialun Guan¹  Ruonan Dong¹  Kai Zhao¹  Suhong Xia¹  Lina Feng¹  Yujie Huang¹  Mingyu Zhang¹  Yu Zhang¹  Fang Xiao¹  Jiazhi Liao² 

[1] Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China;null;

关键词: xanthelasma;    Helicobacter pylori;    intestinal metaplasia;    dysplasia;    gastric cancer;    gastric atrophy;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fmed.2023.1252346

 received in 2023-07-04, accepted in 2023-08-21,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundContradictory evidence suggested gastric xanthelasma (GX) was associated with some upper gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. Additionally, no research has been performed on the relationship between esophageal/duodenal xanthelasma and upper GI diseases.MethodsIndividuals who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, participated in this retrospective study. This study evaluated whether the risk of GX or esophageal/duodenal xanthelasma was influenced by the following gastroesophageal diseases: superficial gastritis, gastric polyp, bile reflux, peptic ulcer, reflux esophagitis, Barrett’s esophagus, esophageal cancer, atrophic gastritis (AG), intestinal metaplasia (IM), dysplasia, gastric cancer, and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Furthermore, subgroup analysis was conducted to establish the relationship between the number of GX and upper GI diseases.ResultsOf the 69,071 subjects reviewed, 1,220 (1.77%) had GX, and 54 (0.08%) had esophageal/duodenal xanthelasma. There was no difference in the prevalence of upper GI diseases between patients with and without esophageal/duodenal xanthelasma. Nevertheless, compared with non-xanthelasma patients, GX patients had a greater proportion of AG, IM, dysplasia, gastric cancer, and H. pylori infection and a lower incidence of superficial gastritis (p < 0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated AG (OR = 1.83, 95%CI: 1.56–2.16), IM (OR = 2.42, 95%CI: 2.41–2.85), and H. pylori infection (OR = 1.32, 95%CI: 1.17–1.50) were independent risk factors for GX. In addition, patients with multiple GXs had a higher rate of AG and IM than those with single GX.ConclusionEsophageal/duodenal xanthelasma may not be associated with upper GI diseases, and further research is needed to support this hypothesis. Notably, GX, especially multiple GXs, may be a more easily detected warning sign of AG, IM, or H. pylori infection.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 Feng, Zhang, Guan, Zhang, Huang, Dong, Zhao, Xia, Xiao and Liao.