Maternal exposure to air pollution alters energy balance transiently according to gender and changes gut microbiota

Frontiers in Endocrinology

Endocrinology

Andrey Santos¹  Gisele Castro¹  Clara Machado Campolim¹  Olivia Pizetta Zordão¹  Sónia Norberto¹  Mario Jose Abdalla Saad¹  Patricia Oliveira Prada²  Young-Bum Kim³  Mariana Matera Veras⁴  Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva⁴  Victor Yuji Yariwake⁴  Clílton Kraüss de Oliveira Ferreira⁵ 

[1] Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil;Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil;School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, SP, Brazil;Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States;Laboratory of Environmental and Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil;School of Applied Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, SP, Brazil;

关键词: obesity;    air pollution;    metabolic program;    particulate matter;    gut microbiota;    PM2.5;    inflammation;    gestation;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fendo.2023.1069243

 received in 2022-10-13, accepted in 2023-03-07,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

IntroductionThe timing of maternal exposure to air pollution is crucial to define metabolic changes in the offspring. Here we aimed to determine the most critical period of maternal exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5) that impairs offspring's energy metabolism and gut microbiota composition.MethodsUnexposed female and male C57BL/6J mice were mated. PM2.5 or filtered air (FA) exposure occurred only in gestation (PM2.5/FA) or lactation (FA/PM2.5). We studied the offspring of both genders.ResultsPM2.5 exposure during gestation increased body weight (BW) at birth and from weaning to young in male adulthood. Leptin levels, food intake, Agrp, and Npy levels in the hypothalamus were also increased in young male offspring. Ikbke, Tnf increased in male PM2.5/FA. Males from FA/PM2.5 group were protected from these phenotypes showing higher O2 consumption and Ucp1 in the brown adipose tissue. In female offspring, we did not see changes in BW at weaning. However, adult females from PM2.5/FA displayed higher BW and leptin levels, despite increased energy expenditure and thermogenesis. This group showed a slight increase in food intake. In female offspring from FA/PM2.5, BW, and leptin levels were elevated. This group displayed higher energy expenditure and a mild increase in food intake. To determine if maternal exposure to PM2.5 could affect the offspring’s gut microbiota, we analyzed alpha diversity by Shannon and Simpson indexes and beta diversity by the Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) in offspring at 30 weeks. Unlike males, exposure during gestation led to higher adiposity and leptin maintenance in female offspring at this age. Gestation exposure was associated with decreased alpha diversity in the gut microbiota in both genders.DiscussionOur data support that exposure to air pollution during gestation is more harmful to metabolism than exposure during lactation. Male offspring had an unfavorable metabolic phenotype at a young age. However, at an older age, only females kept more adiposity. Ultimately, our data highlight the importance of controlling air pollution, especially during gestation.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Zordão, Campolim, Yariwake, Castro, Ferreira, Santos, Norberto, Veras, Saad, Saldiva, Kim and Prada