Infant gut microbiota colonization: influence of prenatal and postnatal factors, focusing on diet

Frontiers in Microbiology

Microbiology

Marina Santaella-Pascual¹  Carmen Martínez-Graciá¹  Clara Suárez-Martínez¹  Genoveva Yagüe-Guirao² 

[1] Food Science and Nutrition Department, Veterinary Faculty, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain;Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain;Food Science and Nutrition Department, Veterinary Faculty, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain;Microbiology Service, Virgen de La Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain;

关键词: gut microbiota;    breast-feeding;    diet;    delivery mode;    colonization;    pregnancy;    infant;    newborn;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fmicb.2023.1236254

 received in 2023-06-07, accepted in 2023-08-08,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Maternal microbiota forms the first infant gut microbial inoculum, and perinatal factors (diet and use of antibiotics during pregnancy) and/or neonatal factors, like intra partum antibiotics, gestational age and mode of delivery, may influence microbial colonization. After birth, when the principal colonization occurs, the microbial diversity increases and converges toward a stable adult-like microbiota by the end of the first 3–5 years of life. However, during the early life, gut microbiota can be disrupted by other postnatal factors like mode of infant feeding, antibiotic usage, and various environmental factors generating a state of dysbiosis. Gut dysbiosis have been reported to increase the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis and some chronic diseases later in life, such as obesity, diabetes, cancer, allergies, and asthma. Therefore, understanding the impact of a correct maternal-to-infant microbial transfer and a good infant early colonization and maturation throughout life would reduce the risk of disease in early and late life. This paper reviews the published evidence on early-life gut microbiota development, as well as the different factors influencing its evolution before, at, and after birth, focusing on diet and nutrition during pregnancy and in the first months of life.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Suárez-Martínez, Santaella-Pascual, Yagüe-Guirao and Martínez-Graciá.