Probiotics for oral health: do they deliver what they promise?

Frontiers in Microbiology

Microbiology

Pieter De Wever¹  Pedro Fardim¹  Kristel Bernaerts¹  Nico Boon²  Mehraveh Saghi³  Katalina Lauwens³  Ferda Pamuk³  Wim Teughels³  Wannes Van Holm⁴  Naiera Zayed⁵  Art Schuermans⁶ 

[1] Bio-and Chemical Systems Technology, Reactor Engineering and Safety, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Leuven KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;Centre for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Ghent, Belgium;Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;Centre for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Ghent, Belgium;Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;Centre for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Ghent, Belgium;Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shebeen El-Kom, Egypt;Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;

关键词: probiotic;    lyophilization;    freeze drying;    viability;    oral health;    periodontitis;    dental caries;    adhesion;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fmicb.2023.1219692

 received in 2023-05-09, accepted in 2023-06-19,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Probiotics have demonstrated oral health benefits by influencing the microbiome and the host. Although promising, their current use is potentially constrained by several restrictions. One such limiting factor lies in the prevailing preparation of a probiotic product. To commercialize the probiotic, a shelf stable product is achieved by temporarily inactivating the live probiotic through drying or freeze drying. Even though a lyophilized probiotic can be kept dormant for an extended period of time, their viability can be severely compromised, making their designation as probiotics questionable. Additionally, does the application of an inactive probiotic directly into the oral cavity make sense? While the dormancy may allow for survival on its way towards the gut, does it affect their capacity for oral colonisation? To evaluate this, 21 probiotic product for oral health were analysed for the number of viable (probiotic), culturable (CFU) and dead (postbiotic) cells, to verify whether the commercial products indeed contain what they proclaim. After isolating and uniformly lyophilizing three common probiotic species in a simple yet effective lyoprotective medium, the adhesion to saliva covered hydroxyapatite discs of lyophilized probiotics was compared to fresh or reactivated lyophilized probiotics. Unfortunately, many of the examined products failed to contain the claimed amounts of viable cells, but also the strains used were inadequately characterized and lacked clinical evidence for that unknown strain, questioning their label of a ‘probiotic’. Additionally, lyophilized probiotics demonstrated low adhesive capacity compared to their counterparts, prompting the question of why fresh or reactivated probiotics are not currently used.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Van Holm, Lauwens, De Wever, Schuermans, Zayed, Pamuk, Saghi, Fardim, Bernaerts, Boon and Teughels.