Simultaneous co-infection with swine influenza A and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses potentiates adaptive immune responses

Frontiers in Immunology

Immunology

Alejandro Nunez¹  Kelly J. Roper²  Graham Freimanis²  Tiphany Chrun²  Elma Tchilian²  Becky Clark²  Georges Booth²  Adrian Silesian²  Simon P. Graham²  Basudev Paudyal²  Emily Besell²  Matthew Edmans²  Eleni Vatzia²  Emmanuel A. Maze²  Adam McNee²  Noemi Polo²  Veronica Martini²  Tanuja Manjegowda²  Brigid Veronica Carr²  Nanchaya Wanasen³  Surapong Koonpaew³ 

[1] Pathology and Animal Sciences, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, United Kingdom;The Pirbright Institute, Woking, United Kingdom;Virology and Cell Technology Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand;

关键词: viral co-infection;    swine influenza A virus;    porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus;    pig;    immune response;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fimmu.2023.1192604

 received in 2023-03-23, accepted in 2023-05-09,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Porcine respiratory disease is multifactorial and most commonly involves pathogen co-infections. Major contributors include swine influenza A (swIAV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRSV) viruses. Experimental co-infection studies with these two viruses have shown that clinical outcomes can be exacerbated, but how innate and adaptive immune responses contribute to pathogenesis and pathogen control has not been thoroughly evaluated. We investigated immune responses following experimental simultaneous co-infection of pigs with swIAV H3N2 and PRRSV-2. Our results indicated that clinical disease was not significantly exacerbated, and swIAV H3N2 viral load was reduced in the lung of the co-infected animals. PRRSV-2/swIAV H3N2 co-infection did not impair the development of virus-specific adaptive immune responses. swIAV H3N2-specific IgG serum titers and PRRSV-2-specific CD8β+ T-cell responses in blood were enhanced. Higher proportions of polyfunctional CD8β+ T-cell subset in both blood and lung washes were found in PRRSV-2/swIAV H3N2 co-infected animals compared to the single-infected groups. Our findings provide evidence that systemic and local host immune responses are not negatively affected by simultaneous swIAV H3N2/PRRSV-2 co-infection, raising questions as to the mechanisms involved in disease modulation.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Chrun, Maze, Roper, Vatzia, Paudyal, McNee, Martini, Manjegowda, Freimanis, Silesian, Polo, Clark, Besell, Booth, Carr, Edmans, Nunez, Koonpaew, Wanasen, Graham and Tchilian