Humoral immune responses to inactivated COVID-19 vaccine up to 1 year in children with chronic hepatitis B infection

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

Cellular and Infection Microbiology

Yingzhi Zhou¹  Xiaorong Peng¹  Hongmei Xu¹  Yi He¹  Yunan Chang¹  Aoxue Tan¹  Zhiwei Chen²  Min Chen²  Dachuan Cai²  Peng Hu²  Mingli Peng²  Hu Li²  Hong Ren² 

[1] Department of Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China;Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China;

关键词: adolescent;    chronic hepatitis B;    COVID-19;    omicron;    inactivated vaccine;    antibody response;    memory B cells;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fcimb.2023.1201101

 received in 2023-04-06, accepted in 2023-06-13,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundInactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has recently been approved for children aged 3-17 years in China. However, data on long-term humoral responses to inactivated vaccines in children with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) are still limited.MethodsIn this prospective observational study, CHB children after primary inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were recruited consecutively and followed up for 1 year. CHB adults from another cohort study (NCT05007665) were used as a control. The receptor-binding domain IgG antibody (anti-RBD-IgG), neutralizing antibody (NAb), neutralization against Omicron (BA2.12.1, BA.4 and BA.5), and memory B -cell (MBC) responses were evaluated.ResultsOverall, 115 CHB children and 351 CHB adults were included in this analysis. The antibody titers decreased over the first ~180 days and then plateaued up to 1 year in CHB children. However, lower and faster declines in antibody responses were observed in CHB adults. Interestingly, the seroprevalence of antibodies was still high after over 8 months in CHB children (anti-RBD-IgG [90%] and NAbs [83%]). However, neutralization against Omicron subvariants was significantly reduced in CHB children (-3.68-fold to -8.60-fold). Notably, neutralization against the BA.5 subvariant was obviously diminished in CHB children compared with adults. Moreover, CHB children had similar RBD-specific MBCs but higher RBD-specific atypical MBCs compared with adults.ConclusionInactivated vaccination could elicit more robust and durable antibody responses to the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 strain in CHB children than in CHB adults but showed inferior responses to Omicron subvariants (especially to the BA.5 strain). Hence, new Omicron-related or all-in-one vaccines are needed immediately for CHB children.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 Zhou, Chen, He, Peng, Chang, Tan, Li, Cai, Hu, Chen, Peng, Xu and Ren