Assessing hypertension and diabetes knowledge, attitudes and practices among residents in Akatsi South District, Ghana using the KAP questionnaire

Frontiers in Public Health

Public Health

Jianjun Zou¹  Zhou Zhou¹  Kaizong Huang¹  Rongzhu Lu²  Dorothy O. Asante³  Anran Dai⁴  Senam A. Kpogo⁵  Anita N. Walker⁶ 

[1] Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China;Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China;Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China;School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China;Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China;School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China;Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China;School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana;School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China;

关键词: hypertension;    diabetes;    knowledge;    attitudes;    health education;    promotion;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fpubh.2023.1056999

 received in 2022-09-29, accepted in 2023-05-11,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

ObjectiveLow awareness of hypertension and diabetes is a public health concern in Ghana. Assessing the general population’s behaviour via knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) will be invaluable in these diseases, where prevention and control need a lifelong commitment to a healthy lifestyle. Hence, our goal was to assess the behaviour of Akatsi South residents towards the diseases to assist health providers in implementing tailored intervention programs.MethodsThis was a population-based cross-sectional study with 150 adults (18–70 years) from November to December 2021. A semi-structured questionnaire with face-to-face interviews was used to obtain data. All variables in the model had descriptive statistics. The Chi-square (χ2) test was used to examine correlations between variables, and a value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The factors associated with checking blood sugar levels and blood pressure were determined using binary logistic regression.ResultsThe respondents’ mean age and BMI were 32.40 years (± 12.07) and 24.98 kg/m2 (± 2.36), respectively. Only 46.67% of the respondents frequently monitor their blood pressure and 17.33% their blood glucose (at least once a year). Less than half of those surveyed had a good knowledge of hypertension (42.7%) and diabetes (32.0%), whereas nearly 3/4 had poor attitudes regarding both conditions. A binary logistic regression analysis revealed that having a good attitude toward hypertension (exp B = 2.479, p = 0.036) and diabetes (exp B = 4.547, p = 0.009) were the participants’ strongest predictor of blood pressure and sugar level checks. However, being overweight (exp B = 0.046, p = 0.002,) or obese (exp B = 0.144, p = 0.034) negatively influenced the frequency with which our respondents checked their blood glucose levels.ConclusionIn the study, we found that the population generally has poor knowledge, which affects their behaviour (attitudes and practices) towards the diseases. To enable healthcare practitioners to reduce disease-associated mortality and morbidity in the future, frequent public health education and promotion about the conditions is critical to closing the knowledge gap.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 Asante, Dai, Walker, Zhou, Kpogo, Lu, Huang and Zou.