Effects of a novel rice-based diabetes-specific formula on postprandial glucose and gastrointestinal hormones: a double-blinded multi-arm randomized crossover trial

Frontiers in Endocrinology

Endocrinology

Thaniya Suwanmalai¹  Pakwuan Wongshaya¹  Nanta Khumkhana¹  Narong Ketkham¹  Chartchai Chaichana¹  Wanjan Deekum¹  Pornpoj Pramyothin¹  Carol Hutchinson²  Supat Chaiyakul² 

[1] Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand;Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand;

关键词: rice;    diabetes;    glycemic index;    glucose;    insulin;    GLP-1;    medical food;    crossover trial;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fendo.2023.1141497

 received in 2023-01-10, accepted in 2023-04-27,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

IntroductionWe developed a novel rice-based medical food for diabetes (MFDM) powder formula, using locally available ingredients in Thailand, which can potentially improve patient access to diabetes-specific formula (DSF) by reducing cost and improving availability.PurposeThe goals of our studies were to 1) measure the glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) of the MFDM powder formula in healthy individuals, and 2) assess postprandial glucose, insulin, satiety, hunger, and gastrointestinal (GI) hormone responses in adults with prediabetes or early type 2 diabetes after consuming MFDM in comparison with a commercially available standard formula (SF) and a DSF.MethodsIn Study 1, glycemic responses were assessed using the area under the curve (AUC), which was used to calculate GI and GL. Study 2 was a double-blinded multi-arm randomized crossover trial enrolling participants with either prediabetes or type 2 diabetes of ≤6 years. At each study visit, participants consumed either MFDM, SF, or DSF which contained 25 g of carbohydrates. Hunger and satiety were assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). Glucose, insulin, and GI hormones were assessed using AUC.ResultsAll participants tolerated the MFDM well with no adverse events. In Study 1, the measured GI was 39 ± 6 (low GI) and GL was 11 ± 2 (medium GL). In Study 2, glucose and insulin responses were significantly lower after MFDM compared with SF (p-value<0.01 for both), however, those responses were similar between MFDM and DSF. MFDM suppressed hunger, promoted satiety, stimulated active GLP-1, GIP, and PYY, and suppressed active ghrelin although these changes were similar to SF and DSF.ConclusionsMFDM had a low GI and a low-to-medium GL. In people with prediabetes or early type 2 diabetes, MFDM elicited reduced glucose and insulin responses when compared with SF. Rice-based MFDM may be an option for patients who are at risk for postprandial hyperglycemia.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/show/TCTR20210731001, identifier TCTR20210731001; https://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/show/TCTR20210730007, identifier TCTR20210730007.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 Chaiyakul, Ketkham, Chaichana, Khumkhana, Deekum, Wongshaya, Suwanmalai, Hutchinson and Pramyothin