Recording cilia activity in ctenophores: effects of nitric oxide and low molecular weight transmitters

Frontiers in Neuroscience

Neuroscience

Leonid L. Moroz¹  Tigran P. Norekian² 

[1] Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, St. Augustine, FL, United States;Departments of Neuroscience and McKnight, Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States;Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, St. Augustine, FL, United States;Friday Harbor Laboratories, University of Washington, Friday Harbor, WA, United States;

关键词: Ctenophora;    electrophysiology;    behavior;    neuropeptides;    nitric oxide;    Pleurobrachia;    Bolinopsis;    Mnemiopsis;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnins.2023.1125476

 received in 2022-12-16, accepted in 2023-05-03,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Cilia are the major effectors in Ctenophores, but very little is known about their transmitter control and integration. Here, we present a simple protocol to monitor and quantify cilia activity and provide evidence for polysynaptic control of cilia coordination in ctenophores. We also screened the effects of several classical bilaterian neurotransmitters (acetylcholine, dopamine, L-DOPA, serotonin, octopamine, histamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), L-aspartate, L-glutamate, glycine), neuropeptide (FMRFamide), and nitric oxide (NO) on cilia beating in Pleurobrachia bachei and Bolinopsis infundibulum. NO and FMRFamide produced noticeable inhibitory effects on cilia activity, whereas other tested transmitters were ineffective. These findings further suggest that ctenophore-specific neuropeptides could be major candidates for signal molecules controlling cilia activity in representatives of this early-branching metazoan lineage.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Norekian and Moroz.