Characterization of Brazilian spring wheat germplasm and its potential for increasing wheat genetic diversity in Canada

Frontiers in Genetics

Genetics

Tom Fetch¹  Silvia Barcellos Rosa²  Eric Fortier²  Allan Cummiskey³  Pedro Luiz Scheeren⁴  Harpinder Singh Randhawa⁵  Taye Zegeye⁶  Maria Antonia Henriquez⁶  Brent McCallum⁶  Colin W. Hiebert⁶  Camila Turra⁷  Gavin Humphreys⁸  Linda Langille⁸  Harvey Voldeng⁸  Andrew James Burt⁸  Barbara Blackwell⁸ 

[1] Brandon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Brandon, MB, Canada;Centre de recherche sur les grains (CÉROM), Saint-Mathieu-de-Beloeil, QC, Canada;Charlottetown Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada;Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (EMBRAPA) Trigo, Passo Fundo, Brazil;Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, Canada;Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden, MB, Canada;OR Melhoramento de Sementes, Passo Fundo, Brazil;Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada;

关键词: wheat;    Triticum aestivum;    breeding;    germplasm;    genetic diversity;    rust;    Fusarium;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fgene.2023.1125940

 received in 2022-12-16, accepted in 2023-03-06,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

In the present era of climate instability, Canadian wheat production has been frequently affected by abiotic stresses and by dynamic populations of pathogens and pests that are more virulent and aggressive over time. Genetic diversity is fundamental to guarantee sustainable and improved wheat production. In the past, the genetics of Brazilian cultivars, such as Frontana, have been studied by Canadian researchers and consequently, Brazilian germplasm has been used to breed Canadian wheat cultivars. The objective of this study was to characterize a collection of Brazilian germplasm under Canadian growing conditions, including the reaction of the Brazilian germplasm to Canadian isolates/pathogens and to predict the presence of certain genes in an effort to increase genetic diversity, improve genetic gain and resilience of Canadian wheat. Over 100 Brazilian hard red spring wheat cultivars released from 1986 to 2016 were evaluated for their agronomic performance in eastern Canada. Some cultivars showed good adaptability, with several cultivars being superior or statistically equal to the highest yielding Canadian checks. Several Brazilian cultivars had excellent resistance to leaf rust, even though only a few of these tested positive for the presence of either Lr34 or Lr16, two of the most common resistance genes in Canadian wheat. Resistance for stem rust, stripe rust and powdery mildew was variable among the Brazilian cultivars. However, many Brazilian cultivars had high levels of resistance to Canadian and African - Ug99 strains of stem rust. Many Brazilian cultivars had good Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance, which appears to be derived from Frontana. In contrast FHB resistance in Canadian wheat is largely based on the Chinese variety, Sumai-3. The Brazilian germplasm is a valuable source of semi-dwarf (Rht) genes, and 75% of the Brazilian collection possessed Rht-B1b. Many cultivars in the Brazilian collection were found to be genetically distinct from Canadian wheat, making them a valuable resource to increase the disease resistance and genetic variability in Canada and elsewhere.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Rosa, Humphreys, Langille, Voldeng, Henriquez, Burt, Randhawa, Fetch, Hiebert, Blackwell, Zegeye, Cummiskey, Fortier, Scheeren, Turra and McCallum.