Gene expression and locomotor recovery in adult rats with spinal cord injury and plasma-synthesized polypyrrole/iodine application combined with a mixed rehabilitation scheme

Frontiers in Neurology

Neurology

Juan Morales-Corona¹  Roberto Olayo¹  Axayacatl Morales-Guadarrama²  Hermelinda Salgado-Ceballos³  Ana Lucía Alonso-García⁴  Guillermo Jesus Cruz⁵  María Guadalupe Olayo⁵  Araceli Diaz-Ruiz⁶  Camilo Ríos⁶  Stephanie Sánchez-Torres⁷  Laura Alvarez-Mejia⁷  Omar Fabela-Sánchez⁸  Rodrigo Mondragón-Lozano⁹  Angélica Coyoy-Salgado⁹  Carlos Orozco-Barrios⁹ 

[1] Department of Physics, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico;Electrical Engineering Department, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico;National Center for Research in Imaging and Medical Instrumentation, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico;Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Medical Research Unit in Neurological Diseases, Specialty Hospital, National Medical Center Siglo XXI, Mexico City, Mexico;Research Center of the Proyecto CAMINA A.C., Mexico City, Mexico;Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico;Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Department of Physics, Axapusco, Mexico;Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez S.S.A., Department of Neurochemistry, Mexico City, Mexico;Research Center of the Proyecto CAMINA A.C., Mexico City, Mexico;Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Medical Research Unit in Neurological Diseases, Specialty Hospital, National Medical Center Siglo XXI, Mexico City, Mexico;Researchers for Mexico CONACyT-Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Department of Chemistry Macromolecules and Nanomaterials, Saltillo, Mexico;Researchers for Mexico CONACyT-Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Medical Research Unit in Neurological Diseases, Specialty Hospital, National Medical Center Siglo XXI, Mexico City, Mexico;Research Center of the Proyecto CAMINA A.C., Mexico City, Mexico;

关键词: spinal cord injury;    gene expression;    VEGF;    Tubb3;    biopolymers;    plasma-synthesized polypyrrole/iodine;    rehabilitation;    functional recovery;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fneur.2023.1124245

 received in 2022-12-14, accepted in 2023-04-14,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

IntroductionSpinal cord injury (SCI) can cause paralysis, for which effective therapeutic strategies have not been developed yet. The only accepted strategy for patients is rehabilitation (RB), although this does not allow complete recovery of lost functions, which makes it necessary to combine it with strategies such as plasma-synthesized polypyrrole/iodine (PPy/I), a biopolymer with different physicochemical properties than PPy synthesized by conventional methods. After SCI in rats, PPy/I promotes functional recovery. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to increase the beneficial effects of both strategies and identify which genes activate PPy/I when applied alone or in combination with a mixed scheme of RB by swimming and enriched environment (SW/EE) in rats with SCI.MethodsMicroarray analysis was performed to identify mechanisms of action underlying the effects of PPy/I and PPy/I+SW/EE on motor function recovery as evaluated by the BBB scale.ResultsResults showed robust upregulation by PPy/I in genes related to the developmental process, biogenesis, synapse, and synaptic vesicle trafficking. In addition, PPy/I+SW/EE increased the expression of genes related to proliferation, biogenesis, cell development, morphogenesis, cell differentiation, neurogenesis, neuron development, and synapse formation processes. Immunofluorescence analysis showed the expression of β-III tubulin in all groups, a decreased expression of caspase-3 in the PPy/I group and GFAP in the PPy/I+SW/EE group (p < 0.05). Better preservation of nerve tissue was observed in PPy/I and PPy/SW/EE groups (p < 0.05). In the BBB scale, the control group scored 1.72 ± 0.41, animals with PPy/I treatment scored 4.23 ± 0.33, and those with PPy/I+SW/EE scored 9.13 ± 0.43 1 month after follow-up.ConclusionThus, PPy/I+SW/EE could represent a therapeutic alternative for motor function recovery after SCI.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Coyoy-Salgado, Orozco-Barrios, Sánchez-Torres, Olayo, Cruz, Morales-Corona, Olayo, Diaz-Ruiz, Ríos, Alvarez-Mejia, Mondragón-Lozano, Morales-Guadarrama, Alonso-García, Fabela-Sánchez and Salgado-Ceballos.