Gut microbiota and oleoylethanolamide in the regulation of intestinal homeostasis

Frontiers in Endocrinology

Endocrinology

Gustavo Provensi¹  Maria Vittoria Becagli²  Maria Beatrice Passani²  Alessia Costa²  Carlotta De Filippo³  Mariela Mejia Monroy³ 

[1] Dipartimento di Neurofarba, Università di Firenze, Firenze, Italy;Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università di Firenze, Firenze, Italy;Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pisa, Italy;

关键词: dysbiosis;    inflammation;    obesity;    gut barrier permeability;    intestinal physiology;    metabolic diseases;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fendo.2023.1135157

 received in 2022-12-31, accepted in 2023-03-22,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

A vast literature strongly suggests that the endocannabinoid (eCB) system and related bioactive lipids (the paracannabinoid system) contribute to numerous physiological processes and are involved in pathological conditions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and intestinal inflammation. The gut paracannabinoid system exerts a prominent role in gut physiology as it affects motility, permeability, and inflammatory responses. Another important player in the regulation of host metabolism is the intestinal microbiota, as microorganisms are indispensable to protect the intestine against exogenous pathogens and potentially harmful resident microorganisms. In turn, the composition of the microbiota is regulated by intestinal immune responses. The intestinal microbial community plays a fundamental role in the development of the innate immune system and is essential in shaping adaptive immunity. The active interplay between microbiota and paracannabinoids is beginning to appear as potent regulatory system of the gastrointestinal homeostasis. In this context, oleoylethanolamide (OEA), a key component of the physiological systems involved in the regulation of dietary fat consumption, energy homeostasis, intestinal motility, and a key factor in modulating eating behavior, is a less studied lipid mediator. In the small intestine namely duodenum and jejunum, levels of OEA change according to the nutrient status as they decrease during food deprivation and increase upon refeeding. Recently, we and others showed that OEA treatment in rodents protects against inflammatory events and changes the intestinal microbiota composition. In this review, we briefly define the role of OEA and of the gut microbiota in intestinal homeostasis and recapitulate recent findings suggesting an interplay between OEA and the intestinal microorganisms.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 De Filippo, Costa, Becagli, Monroy, Provensi and Passani