Interplay between metabolic reprogramming and post-translational modifications: from glycolysis to lactylation

Frontiers in Immunology

Immunology

Yanmin Zhao¹  Hengwei Wu¹  He Huang¹ 

[1] Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China;Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China;Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, People's Government of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China;Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China;

关键词: metabolic reprogramming;    epigenetics;    glycolysis;    lactate;    lactylation;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fimmu.2023.1211221

 received in 2023-04-24, accepted in 2023-06-19,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Cellular metabolism plays a critical role in determining the fate and function of cells. Metabolic reprogramming and its byproducts have a complex impact on cellular activities. In quiescent T cells, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is the primary pathway for survival. However, upon antigen activation, T cells undergo rapid metabolic reprogramming, characterized by an elevation in both glycolysis and OXPHOS. While both pathways are induced, the balance predominantly shifts towards glycolysis, enabling T cells to rapidly proliferate and enhance their functionality, representing the most distinctive signature during activation. Metabolic processes generate various small molecules resulting from enzyme-catalyzed reactions, which also modulate protein function and exert regulatory control. Notably, recent studies have revealed the direct modification of histones, known as lactylation, by lactate derived from glycolysis. This lactylation process influences gene transcription and adds a novel variable to the regulation of gene expression. Protein lactylation has been identified as an essential mechanism by which lactate exerts its diverse functions, contributing to crucial biological processes such as uterine remodeling, tumor proliferation, neural system regulation, and metabolic regulation. This review focuses on the metabolic reprogramming of T cells, explores the interplay between lactate and the immune system, highlights the impact of lactylation on cellular function, and elucidates the intersection of metabolic reprogramming and epigenetics.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Wu, Huang and Zhao