A review of new and existing non-extractive techniques for monitoring marine protected areas

Frontiers in Marine Science

Marine Science

Gerard Dooly¹  Suzanne Beck²  Alexander Callaway²  Louise S. Brown²  Gerard Summers³  Andrew J. Wheeler⁴  James S. G. Dooley⁵  Chris McGonigle⁶  Robert M. Runya⁶  Ryan McGeady⁷  Clive J. Fox⁸  John A. Howe⁸ 

[1] Centre for Robotics and Intelligent Systems, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland;Fisheries and Aquatic Ecosystems Branch, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, United Kingdom;School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland;School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland;Science Foundation Ireland Centre for Research in Applied Geosciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland;Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Climate, Energy and Marine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland;School of Biomedical Science, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom;School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom;School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom;Flood Forecasting Division, Met Éireann, Dublin, Ireland;Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, United Kingdom;

关键词: monitoring;    marine protected area;    management;    marine;    conservation;    biodiversity;    habitat;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fmars.2023.1126301

 received in 2022-12-17, accepted in 2023-06-23,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Ocean biodiversity loss is being driven by several anthropogenic threats and significant efforts are required to halt losses and promote healthy marine ecosystems. The establishment of a network of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) can help restrict damaging activities and have been recognised as a potential solution to aid marine conservation. When managed correctly they can deliver both ecological and socio-economic benefits. In recent times, MPA designations have increased rapidly while many countries have set future MPA targets for the decades ahead. An integral element of MPA management is adequate monitoring that collects data to assess if conservation objectives are being achieved. Data acquired by monitoring can vary widely as can the techniques employed to collect such data. Ideally, non-destructive and non-invasive methods are preferred to prevent damage to habitats and species, though this may rule out a number of traditional extractive sampling approaches such as dredges and trawls. Moreover, advances in ocean observation technologies enable the collection of large amounts of data at high resolutions, while automated data processing is beginning to make analyses more logistically feasible and less time-consuming. Therefore, developments to existing marine monitoring techniques and new emerging technologies have led to a diverse array of options when choosing to implement an MPA monitoring programme. Here, we present a review of new and existing non-extractive techniques which can be applied to MPA monitoring. We summarise their capabilities, applications, advantages, limitations and possible future developments. The review is intended to aid MPA managers and researchers in determining the suitability of available monitoring techniques based on data requirements and site conditions.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 McGeady, Runya, Dooley, Howe, Fox, Wheeler, Summers, Callaway, Beck, Brown, Dooly and McGonigle