Circadian rhythm of PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE expression in the trigeminal ganglion of mice

Frontiers in Neuroscience

Neuroscience

Mitsutaka Sugimura¹  Kanae A. Yamagata¹  Sachi N. Ohno¹  Yukie Shirakawa¹  Eriko Kuramoto²  Wataru Nakamura³  Yoshiaki Oda³  Takahiro J. Nakamura⁴ 

[1]Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan

[2]Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan

[3]Department of Oral Chrono-Physiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan

[4]Laboratory of Animal Physiology, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan

关键词: Circadian rhythm;    Suprachiasmatic nucleus;    Trigeminal ganglion;    PER2;    Cryptochrome;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fnins.2023.1142785

 received in 2023-01-12, accepted in 2023-03-07,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

IntroductionThe trigeminal nerve conveys delicate sensations such as warmth, pain, and tactile pressure in the oral and facial regions, and most trigeminal afferent cell bodies are located in the trigeminal ganglion. Our previous study has shown that sensations in trigeminal nerve innervated areas, specifically in the maxillofacial region, exhibit diurnal variation and that sensitivity changes time-dependently. In this study, we aimed to clarify the rhythm of expression of clock gene in the trigeminal ganglion of mice to elucidate the mechanism of circadian regulation in the same area.MethodsImmunohistochemistry examined the expression of the PER2 protein in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and trigeminal ganglion of wild-type mice. To measure gene expression as bioluminescence, PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE knock-in (PER2::LUC) mice were used. Unilateral trigeminal ganglion and brain sections including the suprachiasmatic nucleus were incubated ex vivo. Bioluminescence levels were then measured using a highly sensitive photodetector. The same experiments were then conducted with Cry1 gene-deficient (Cry1−/−) or Cry2 gene-deficient (Cry2−/−) mice.ResultsIn the trigeminal ganglion, immunohistochemistry localized PER2 protein expression within the neuronal cell body. Mouse trigeminal ganglion ex vivo tissues showed distinct circadian oscillations in PER2::LUC levels in all genotypes, wild-type, Cry1−/−, and Cry2−/−. The period was shorter in the trigeminal ganglion than in the suprachiasmatic nucleus; it was shorter in Cry1−/− and longer in Cry2−/− mice than in the wild-type mice.ConclusionThe expression of Per2 in neurons of the trigeminal ganglion in ex vivo culture and the oscillation in a distinct circadian rhythm suggests that the trigeminal ganglion is responsible for the relay of sensory inputs and temporal gating through autonomous circadian oscillations.

【 授权许可】

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Copyright © 2023 Shirakawa, Ohno, Yamagata, Kuramoto, Oda, Nakamura, Nakamura and Sugimura.