Heart ventricles of the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius): new insights from sectional anatomy, 3D computed tomography, and morphometry

BMC Zoology

Research

Mohamed A.M. Alsafy¹  Samir A.A. El-Gendy¹  Ahmed G. Nomir²  Basma M. Kamal³  Hanan H. Abd-Elhafeez⁴  Soha Soliman⁵  Ahmed N. ELKhamary⁶  Catrin S. Rutland⁷ 

[1] Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt;Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt;Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt;Department of Cell and Tissues, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt;Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt;Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt;School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK;

关键词: Camel;    Heart ventricles;    Anatomy;    Computed tomography;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s40850-023-00173-w

 received in 2023-03-08, accepted in 2023-08-01,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundDromedary camel heart morphology is a crucial research topic with clinical applications. The study aims to understand the dromedary camel anatomy, morphology, and architecture of the ventricular mass. Results: Sagittal and transverse gross sections were compared to sagittal, transverse, and 3D render volume reconstruction computed tomography (CT) scans. The subepicardial fat, which covered the heart base, the coronary groove (sulcus coronarius), the left longitudinal interventricular groove (sulcus interventricularis paraconalis), and the right longitudinal interventricular groove (sulcus interventricularis subsinuosus), had a relatively low density with a homogeneous appearance in the 3D render volume CT. The pericardium in the color cardiac window was identified better than the black and white window (ghost). Transverse and sagittal CT scans demonstrated the internal structures of the heart, including the right atrioventricular orifice (ostium atrioventriculare dextrum), right atrioventricular orifice (ostium atrioventriculare sinistrum), and aortic orifice (ostium aortae), chordae tendineae, the cusps of the valves (cuspis valvae), and the papillary muscles (musculi papillares). The papillary muscle (musculi papillares) was presented with a more moderate density than the rest of the heart, and the cusps of the valves (cuspis valvae) had a lower density. The ventricular wall (margo ventricularis) exhibited different densities: the outer part was hyperdense, while the inner part was hypodense. The thicknesses of the ventricular mural wall and the interventricular septum (septum atrioventriculare) were highest at the midpoint of the ventricular mass, and the lowest value was present toward the apical part. The coronary groove (sulcus coronarius) circumference measured 51.14 ± 0.72 cm, and the fat in the coronary groove (sulcus coronarius) (56 ± 6.55 cm2) represented 28.7% of the total cross-sectional area. Conclusion: The current study provided more information about ventricular mass measurements by gross and CT analysis on the heart, which provides a valuable guide for future cardiac CT investigations in camels in vivo.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2023

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