French national epidemiology of bacterial superinfections in ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients infected with COVID-19: the COVAP study

Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials

Research

Christophe Burucoa¹  Julie Cremniter¹  Maxime Pichon¹ 

[1] CHU Poitiers, Infectious Agents Department. Bacteriology and Infection Control Laboratory, 2 rue de la Milétrie, 86021, Poitiers, France;Université de Poitiers, INSERM. U1070 Pharmacology of Antimicrobial Agents and Antibiotic Resistance, Medicine and Pharmacy University, Poitiers, France;

关键词: Ventilator-associated pneumoniae;    Bacterial superinfection;    Antibiotic resistance;    Intensive care;    COVID-19;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12941-023-00603-0

 received in 2023-02-22, accepted in 2023-06-05,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundDescription and comparison of bacterial characteristics of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) between critically ill intensive care unit (ICU) patients with COVID-19-positive, COVID + ; and non-COVID-19, COVID-.MethodsRetrospective, observational, multicenter study that focused on French patients during the first wave of the pandemic (March–April 2020).Results935 patients with identification of at least one bacteriologically proven VAP were included (including 802 COVID +). Among Gram-positive bacteria, S. aureus accounted for more than two-thirds of the bacteria involved, followed by Streptococcaceae and enterococci without difference between clinical groups regarding antibiotic resistance. Among Gram-negative bacteria, Klebsiella spp. was the most frequently observed bacterial genus in both groups, with K. oxytoca overrepresented in the COVID- group (14.3% vs. 5.3%; p < 0.05). Cotrimoxazole-resistant bacteria were over-observed in the COVID + group (18.5% vs. 6.1%; p <0.05), and after stratification for K. pneumoniae (39.6% vs. 0%; p <0.05). In contrast, overrepresentation of aminoglycoside-resistant strains was observed in the COVID- group (20% vs. 13.9%; p < 0.01). Pseudomonas sp. was more frequently isolated from COVID + VAPs (23.9% vs. 16.7%; p <0.01) but in COVID- showed more carbapenem resistance (11.1% vs. 0.8%; p <0.05) and greater resistance to at least two aminoglycosides (11.8% vs. 1.4%; p < 0.05) and to quinolones (53.6% vs. 7.0%; p <0.05). These patients were more frequently infected with multidrug-resistant bacteria than COVID + (40.1% vs. 13.8%; p < 0.01).ConclusionsThe present study demonstrated that the bacterial epidemiology and antibiotic resistance of VAP in COVID + is different from that of COVID- patients. These features call for further study to tailor antibiotic therapies in VAP patients.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023

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Fig. 1