Water mass age structures the auxiliary metabolic gene content of free-living and particle-attached deep ocean viral communities

Microbiome

Research

Cynthia B. Silveira¹  Pablo Sánchez²  Marta Sebastián²  Silvia G. Acinas²  Felipe H. Coutinho²  Dolors Vaqué²  Josep M. Gasol²  Carlos M. Duarte³ 

[1] Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA;Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA;Department of Marine Biology and Oceanography, Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM), CSIC, 08003, Barcelona, Spain;Red Sea Research Centre (RSRC) and Computational Bioscience Research Center (CBRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, 23955, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia;

关键词: Viruses;    Metagenomics;    Deep ocean;    Auxiliary metabolic genes;    Free-living;    Particle-attached;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s40168-023-01547-5

 received in 2023-02-15, accepted in 2023-04-10,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundViruses play important roles in the ocean’s biogeochemical cycles. Yet, deep ocean viruses are one of the most under-explored fractions of the global biosphere. Little is known about the environmental factors that control the composition and functioning of their communities or how they interact with their free-living or particle-attached microbial hosts.ResultsWe analysed 58 viral communities associated with size-fractionated free-living (0.2–0.8 μm) and particle-attached (0.8–20 μm) cellular metagenomes from bathypelagic (2150–4018 m deep) microbiomes obtained during the Malaspina expedition. These metagenomes yielded 6631 viral sequences, 91% of which were novel, and 67 represented high-quality genomes. Taxonomic classification assigned 53% of the viral sequences to families of tailed viruses from the order Caudovirales. Computational host prediction associated 886 viral sequences to dominant members of the deep ocean microbiome, such as Alphaproteobacteria (284), Gammaproteobacteria (241), SAR324 (23), Marinisomatota (39), and Chloroflexota (61). Free-living and particle-attached viral communities had markedly distinct taxonomic composition, host prevalence, and auxiliary metabolic gene content, which led to the discovery of novel viral-encoded metabolic genes involved in the folate and nucleotide metabolisms. Water mass age emerged as an important factor driving viral community composition. We postulated this was due to changes in quality and concentration of dissolved organic matter acting on the host communities, leading to an increase of viral auxiliary metabolic genes associated with energy metabolism among older water masses.ConclusionsThese results shed light on the mechanisms by which environmental gradients of deep ocean ecosystems structure the composition and functioning of free-living and particle-attached viral communities.5_uC6ecGqVNGF2sKULcyA4Video Abstract

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023

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