Associations of emotional social support, depressive symptoms, chronic stress, and anxiety with hard cardiovascular disease events in the United States: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA)

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders

Research

Seyed Mohammad Riahi¹  Seth Shay Martin²  Ahmad Yousefi³  Farhad Saeedi⁴ 

[1] Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran;Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Baltimore, MD, USA;Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;PhD in Clinical Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran;Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran;

关键词: Depressive symptoms;    Anxiety;    Chronic Burden Scale;    Emotional social support;    Cardiovascular Disease;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12872-023-03195-x

 received in 2022-10-29, accepted in 2023-03-21,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality around the globe and psychosocial factors are not sufficiently understood.AimIn the current study, we aimed to evaluate the role of different psychosocial factors including depressive symptoms, chronic stress, anxiety, and emotional social support (ESS) on the incidence of hard CVD (HCVD).MethodsWe examined the association of psychosocial factors and HCVD incidence amongst 6,779 participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Using physician reviewers’ adjudication of CVD events incident, depressive symptoms, chronic stress, anxiety, emotional social support scores were measured by validated scales. We used Cox proportional Hazards (PH) models with psychosocial factors in several of the following approaches: (1) Continuous; (2) categorical; and (3) spline approach. No violation of the PH was found. The model with the lowest AIC value was chosen.ResultsOver an 8.46-year median follow-up period, 370 participants experienced HCVD. There was not a statistically significant association between anxiety and HCVD (95%CI) for the highest versus the lowest category [HR = 1.51 (0.80–2.86)]. Each one point higher score for chronic stress (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.08–1.29) and depressive symptoms (HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01–1.03) was associated with a higher risk of HCVD in separate models. In contrary, emotional social support (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.96–0.99) was linked with a lower risk of HCVD.ConclusionsHigher levels of chronic stress is associated with greater risk of incident HCVD whereas ESS has a protective association.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2023. corrected publication 2023

【 图 表 】

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Fig. 2