A Pan-Amazonian species delimitation: high species diversity within the genus Amazophrynella (Anura: Bufonidae)

PeerJ

article

Rommel R. Rojas¹  Antoine Fouquet²  Santiago R. Ron³  Emil José Hernández-Ruz⁴  Paulo R. Melo-Sampaio⁵  Juan C. Chaparro⁶  Richard C. Vogt⁸  Vinicius Tadeu de Carvalho¹  Leandra Cardoso Pinheiro^1,10  Robson W. Avila⁹  Izeni Pires Farias¹  Marcelo Gordo^1,11  Tomas Hrbek¹ 

[1] Laboratory of Evolution and Animal Genetics, Department of Genetics, ICB, Universidade Federal do Amazonas;Laboratoire Ecologie, Evolution et Interactions des Systèmes Amazoniens, Centre de recherche de Montabo;Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador;Laboratório de Zoologia, Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas, Campus Universitário de Altamira, Universidade Federal do Pará;Departamento de Vertebrados;Coleccion de anfibios y reptiles;Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad;CEQUA, Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia;Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Regional do Cariri;Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi;Departamento de Biologia, ICB, Universidade Federal do Amazonas

关键词: Integrative taxonomy;    Cryptic diversity;    Species delimitation;    Amphibians;    Amazon;   

DOI  :  10.7717/peerj.4941

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Inra

【 摘 要 】

Amphibians are probably the most vulnerable group to climate change and climate-change associate diseases. This ongoing biodiversity crisis makes it thus imperative to improve the taxonomy of anurans in biodiverse but understudied areas such as Amazonia. In this study, we applied robust integrative taxonomic methods combining genetic (mitochondrial 16S, 12S and COI genes), morphological and environmental data to delimit species of the genus Amazophrynella (Anura: Bufonidae) sampled from throughout their pan-Amazonian distribution. Our study confirms the hypothesis that the species diversity of the genus is grossly underestimated. Our analyses suggest the existence of eighteen linages of which seven are nominal species, three Deep Conspecific Lineages, one Unconfirmed Candidate Species, three Uncategorized Lineages, and four Confirmed Candidate Species and described herein. We also propose a phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus and discuss its implications for historical biogeography of this Amazonian group.

【 授权许可】

CC BY