Effect of Soil Contamination by Some Azo Dyes on the Seed Germination and Plant Growth of Broad Bean (Vicia faba).

Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences

article

T.V.R.K. Rao¹  Chanchal Kumari¹  Arjun Kumar.¹ 

[1] Department of Chemistry, Purnea College

关键词: Soil pollution;    Phytotoxicity;    Azo dyes;    Broad bean;    Vicia faba.;   

DOI  :  10.33887/rjpbcs/2019.10.4.37

学科分类：工程和技术（综合）

来源: Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences

【 摘 要 】

Effect of soil contamination by some azo dyes at different concentrations, on the seed germinationand plant growth of Broad bean (Vicia faba) has been studied. Four azo dyes viz., 1-(2’-carboxyphenylazo)-2- naphthol, 5-(2’-carboxyphenylazo)-8-hydroxyquinoline, 4-(2’-carboxyphenylazo)salicylate and 4-(2’- carboxyphenylazo)resorcinol were synthesized and characterized. Calculated quantitiesof the above dyeswere separately mixed with the known weight of soil in separate earthen pots, so as to obtain a dyeconcentration (w/w) of 200, 400 , 600, 800and 1000 ppm in the soil. Thus, a total of twenty experimental sets(dye-contaminated soil) and one control set (pure soil) were set up.Ten seeds of Broad bean (Vicia faba) weresown in each of the experimental pots as well as in the control pot. Seed germination and plant growth wereobserved regularly. The morphogenic parameters of the plants such as, root length , shoot length and numberof leaves were found out at the end of 25 days. Mean value of each of the parameters for each of the set weredetermined. Percentage inhibition of the parameters, as compared to the control, were also determined.Results revealed a mild to severe phytotoxicity of the azo dye-contamination of soil on the plants of Broadbean (Vicia faba).Chemical nature of the azo dye also seemed to rule the level of toxicity. Many of the plantsin the experimental sets died within a few days after germination.Percentage germination ranged from 50 to100% in the experimental sets. Percentage germination cum survival of plants at 25 days ranged from 0 to100% in the experimental sets compared to 100% in the control set. At the dye concentration of 600 ppm andabove, the germination cum survival of plants was very poor, ranging from 0 to 60%. Percentage inhibition ofroot length, shoot length and number of leaves per plant in the experimental sets, compared to the controlset, were quite high, ranging from 7.69 to 100% for root length, 5.71 to 100% for shoot length and 7.55 to100% for the number of leaves. Higher toxicity was shown by the azo dyes, 5-(2’-carboxyphenylazo)-8- hydroxyquinoline and4-(2’-caboxyphenylazo)resorcinol. Phytotoxicity of the azo dyes might also have beendue to their (dyes) effect on soil microbiological processes and/or plant’s physiological processes such as thesynthesis of chlorophyll and other organic nutrients, thus, depleting nutrition to the plant.

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