Review of New Approaches for Fouling Mitigation in Membrane Separation Processes in Water Treatment Applications

Separations

article

Mervette El Batouti¹  Nouf F. Alharby²  Mahmoud M. Elewa³ 

[1] Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University;Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University;Arab Academy for Science

关键词: membrane fouling;    membrane fouling control;    wastewater treatment;    biofouling;   

DOI  :  10.3390/separations9010001

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

This review investigates antifouling agents used in the process of membrane separation (MS), in reverse osmosis (RO), ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), microfiltration (MF), membrane distillation (MD), and membrane bioreactors (MBR), and clarifies the fouling mechanism. Membrane fouling is an incomplete substance formed on the membrane surface, which will quickly reduce the permeation flux and damage the membrane. Foulant is colloidal matter: organic matter (humic acid, protein, carbohydrate, nano/microplastics), inorganic matter (clay such as potassium montmorillonite, silica salt, metal oxide, etc.), and biological matter (viruses, bacteria and microorganisms adhering to the surface of the membrane in the case of nutrients) The stability and performance of the tested nanometric membranes, as well as the mitigation of pollution assisted by electricity and the cleaning and repair of membranes, are reported. Physical, chemical, physico-chemical, and biological methods for cleaning membranes. Biologically induced biofilm dispersion effectively controls fouling. Dynamic changes in membrane foulants during long-term operation are critical to the development and implementation of fouling control methods. Membrane fouling control strategies show that improving membrane performance is not only the end goal, but new ideas and new technologies for membrane cleaning and repair need to be explored and developed in order to develop future applications.

【 授权许可】

CC BY