Original research: Histopathological profile of orbito-ocular cancers at a tertiary hospital in Northern Malawi: a retrospective cross-sectional study

BMJ Open Ophthalmology

article

Frank Watson Sinyiza¹  Master R O Chisale²  Alfred B Kayira³  Chikondi Sharon Chimbatata⁴  Paul Uchizi Kaseka⁴  Pocha Kamudumuli⁵  Tsung-Shu Joseph Wu⁶  Balwani Chingatichifwe Mbakaya⁷ 

[1] Clinical Department , Mzuzu Central Hospital;Biological Sciences , Mzuzu University;Laboratory Department , Mzuzu Central Hospital;Paediatric Department , Mzuzu Central Hospital;Laboratory Department , University of Maryland and Global Initiative Corporation;Research Department , PingTung Christian Hospital;Department of Public Health , University of Livingstonia

关键词: pathology;    neoplasia;    conjunctiva;    orbit;    ocular surface;   

DOI  :  10.1136/bmjophth-2022-000977

学科分类：工业工程学

来源: BMJ Publishing Group

【 摘 要 】

Objective Orbito-ocular cancers are a common cause of morbidity and mortality in our population, yet these cancers have not been adequately described in Malawi. This study sought to describe the burden and histopathological profile of orbito-ocular cancers in Northern Malawi.Methods and Analysis A retrospective review of pathology reports was done. Descriptive analyses were performed to summarise patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics, and histopathological results. A binary logistic regression was used to explore the association between demographic variables, site of lesion and cancer.Results 210 pathology reports of orbito-ocular biopsies were reviewed. 60.0% of patients were female. The majority (39.5%) of patients were in the 31 to 40 age group but overall mean age (±SD) was 34.81±15.9 years. Cancer was diagnosed in 84 (40.0%) patients. Squamous cell carcinoma constituted the majority (82.1%) of cancers followed by retinoblastoma at 7.1%. Orbito-ocular cancers were associated with HIV infection (OR5.9, 95% CI 2.0 to 17.2) and intraocular tumours were 8.3 times (OR 8.3, 95% CI 2.0 to 33.8) more likely to be malignant. However, squamous cell carcinoma was the only type of cancer found in patients with HIV infection and mostly affected the conjunctiva, constituting 94.4% of cancers affecting this site. Retinoblastoma on the other hand only affected children less than 10 years of age.Conclusion Cancer constituted a substantial proportion of orbito-ocular lesions in our study population, with conjunctiva being the common site. This calls for improved capacity to prevent, diagnose and manage orbito-oracular cancers in Northern Malawi and similar settings.

【 授权许可】

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