Emergence and resurgence of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus as a public-health threat

Review

关键词: CASSETTE CHROMOSOME MEC;    PANTON-VALENTINE LEUKOCIDIN;    INFECTION-CONTROL MEASURES;    SEQUENCE-LIKE ELEMENT;    INTENSIVE-CARE UNITS;    METHICILLIN-RESISTANT;    ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE;    HOSPITAL OUTBREAK;    NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION;    MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY;   

DOI  :  10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68853-3

来源: SCIE

【 摘 要 】

Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacterium that colonises the skin and is present in the anterior nares in about 25-30% of healthy people.(1) Dependent on its intrinsic virulence or the ability of the host to contain its opportunistic behaviour, S aureus can cause a range of diseases in man. The bacterium readily acquires resistance against all classes of antibiotics by one of two distinct mechanisms: mutation of an existing bacterial gene or horizontal transfer of a resistance gene from another bacterium. Several mobile genetic elements carrying exogenous antibiotic resistance genes might mediate resistance acquisition.(2) Of all the resistance traits S aureus has acquired since the introduction of antimicrobial chemotherapy in the 1930s, meticillin resistance is clinically the most important, since a single genetic element confers resistance to the most commonly prescribed class of antimicrobials-the beta-lactam antibiotics, which include penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems.

【 授权许可】

Free